arXiv:2508.14932eess.IVcs.AI2025-08

提出轻量级舌象分割模型TOM,支持无编程使用

TOM: An Open-Source Tongue Segmentation Method with Multi-Teacher Distillation and Task-Specific Data Augmentation

  • 用多教师知识蒸馏+扩散数据增强提升泛化能力
  • 参数减少96.6%后仍达95.22% mIoU
  • 开源免费,适合中医从业者和研究者使用

舌象成像在中医诊断中具有重要价值。舌面分割质量直接影响智能舌诊系统的分类准确率与诊断效果。然而,现有舌象分割研究存在明显局限,缺乏鲁棒且易用的分割工具。本文提出基于多教师知识蒸馏的舌象分割模型TOM,结合新型基于扩散的数据增强方法,在降低模型参数量的同时提升了泛化性能。相比教师模型,学生模型参数量减少96.6%,仍保持95.22%的mIoU分割精度。此外,我们已将训练好的模型封装为在线与离线工具(https://itongue.cn/),无需编程即可使用。通过病例研究发现,基于分割舌区块训练的体质分类模型性能更优、解释性更强。据我们所知,这是首个开源免费的舌象分割工具。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Tongue imaging serves as a valuable diagnostic tool, particularly in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The quality of tongue surface segmentation significantly affects the accuracy of tongue image classification and subsequent diagnosis in intelligent tongue diagnosis systems. However, existing research on tongue image segmentation faces notable limitations, and there is a lack of robust and user-friendly segmentation tools. This paper proposes a tongue image segmentation model (TOM) based on multi-teacher knowledge distillation. By incorporating a novel diffusion-based data augmentation method, we enhanced the generalization ability of the segmentation model while reducing its parameter size. Notably, after reducing the parameter count by 96.6% compared to the teacher models, the student model still achieves an impressive segmentation performance of 95.22% mIoU. Furthermore, we packaged and deployed the trained model as both an online and offline segmentation tool (available at https://itongue.cn/), allowing TCM practitioners and researchers to use it without any programming experience. We also present a case study on TCM constitution classification using segmented tongue patches. Experimental results demonstrate that training with tongue patches yields higher classification performance and better interpretability than original tongue images. To our knowledge, this is the first open-source and freely available tongue image segmentation tool.

舌象分割知识蒸馏中医AI

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