基于人眼偏好与自然色分布，揭示了色彩搭配的量化规律。
Harmonious Color Pairings: Insights from Human Preference and Natural Hue Statistics
- 用13种色相构建可控配色实验，量化用户偏好。
- 发现特定色相差更和谐，且与自然景观色分布高度一致。
- 主成分分析揭示两组互补色，解释整体偏好结构。
尽管色彩和谐在艺术与设计中长期被研究，但多数模型依赖定性见解或小规模数据集。本文通过在HSL色彩空间中使用受控的色相配对，对十三种不同色相组合进行用户偏好评估，构建偏好矩阵并定义每种颜色的可搭配指数。结果表明偏好高度依赖于色相，挑战传统色彩和谐理论。然而，在跨色相平均后，统计上显著的审美模式浮现，特定色相差被认为更和谐。令人惊讶的是，这些模式与自然景观中的色相分布高度吻合，揭示人类色彩偏好与自然界色彩结构之间存在统计关联。最后，通过主成分分析，我们识别出两组互补色，其相互作用支撑了色彩搭配偏好的全局结构。这些发现为色彩和谐提供了定量研究框架，并暗示其感知与生态基础。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
While color harmony has long been studied in art and design, a clear consensus remains elusive, as most models are grounded in qualitative insights or limited datasets. In this work, we present a quantitative, data-driven study of color pairing preferences using controlled hue-based palettes in the HSL color space. Participants evaluated combinations of thirteen distinct hues, enabling us to construct a preference matrix and define a combinability index for each color. Our results reveal that preferences are highly hue dependent, thereby challenging classical color harmony theories. Yet, when averaged over hues, statistically meaningful patterns of aesthetic preference emerge, with certain hue separations perceived as more harmonious. Strikingly, these patterns align with hue distributions found in natural landscapes, pointing to a statistical correspondence between human color preferences and the structure of color in nature. Finally, we analyze our color-pairing score matrix through principal component analysis, which uncovers two complementary hue groups whose interplay underlies the global structure of color-pairing preferences. Together, these findings offer a quantitative framework for studying color harmony and its potential perceptual and ecological underpinnings.
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