arXiv:2508.17611cs.AI2025-08被引 1

通过时间反事实分析,量化飞盘运动中球员启动时机的优劣。

Evaluating Movement Initiation Timing in Ultimate Frisbee via Temporal Counterfactuals

  • 用无人机采集数据,基于规则生成移动时间反事实场景。
  • 实际传球序列得分高于无传球序列,验证方法有效性。
  • 高技能组启动时机更分散,反映真实比赛策略复杂性。

飞盘运动中持盘者不能移动,场上的动态主要由其他球员的移动决定。然而,现有团队运动研究缺乏对未标记移动启动时机的定量评估。本文提出一种量化评估飞盘运动中移动启动时机的方法:首先使用无人机拍摄比赛视频并获取球员位置数据,形成UltimateTrack数据集;随后检测球员移动启动点,并基于规则生成时间反事实场景;利用基于足球场地控制的时空评估指标(适应飞盘规则),比较不同场景的空间评估值,通过实际表现与最优反事实场景的差距来量化启动时机的影响。实验验证表明,实际传盘序列的评估得分显著高于无传盘序列。在实践验证中,高技能组的启动时间偏移分布更广,说明其策略更具弹性。该方法为难以量化的非标注团队运动行为提供了客观评估手段。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Ultimate is a sport where points are scored by passing a disc and catching it in the opposing team's end zone. In Ultimate, the player holding the disc cannot move, making field dynamics primarily driven by other players' movements. However, current literature in team sports has ignored quantitative evaluations of when players initiate such unlabeled movements in game situations. In this paper, we propose a quantitative evaluation method for movement initiation timing in Ultimate Frisbee. First, game footage was recorded using a drone camera, and players' positional data was obtained, which will be published as UltimateTrack dataset. Next, players' movement initiations were detected, and temporal counterfactual scenarios were generated by shifting the timing of movements using rule-based approaches. These scenarios were analyzed using a space evaluation metric based on soccer's pitch control reflecting the unique rules of Ultimate. By comparing the spatial evaluation values across scenarios, the difference between actual play and the most favorable counterfactual scenario was used to quantitatively assess the impact of movement timing. We validated our method and show that sequences in which the disc was actually thrown to the receiver received higher evaluation scores than the sequences without a throw. In practical verifications, the higher-skill group displays a broader distribution of time offsets from the model's optimal initiation point. These findings demonstrate that the proposed metric provides an objective means of assessing movement initiation timing, which has been difficult to quantify in unlabeled team sport plays.

飞盘运动时间分析反事实推理动作评估

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