arXiv:2508.18630cs.LGcs.CV2025-08

通过多尺度特征与不确定性感知,提升时间序列领域自适应性能。

Uncertainty Awareness on Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Time Series Data

  • 用多尺度混合输入增强特征多样性,减少域间差异。
  • 引入证据学习估计不确定性,显著降低目标域误差。
  • 模型预测更可信,适合对置信度敏感的工业应用。

无监督域适应方法旨在有效泛化至未标注测试数据,尤其针对时间序列数据中训练与测试分布偏移的常见挑战。本文提出结合多尺度特征提取与不确定性估计,以提升模型在不同域间的泛化能力与鲁棒性。方法首先采用多尺度混合输入架构,捕获不同尺度特征,增加训练多样性并减小训练与测试域间的特征差异。在此基础上,基于证据学习引入不确定性感知机制,通过对标签施加狄利克雷先验,同时实现目标预测与不确定性估计。该机制通过对齐不同域中相同标签的特征,显著提升目标域性能。实验表明,该方法在多个基准数据集上达到当前最优表现,且预期校准误差(ECE)显著降低,表明预测置信度更准确。结果验证了该组合方法在时间序列无监督域适应中的有效性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Unsupervised domain adaptation methods seek to generalize effectively on unlabeled test data, especially when encountering the common challenge in time series data that distribution shifts occur between training and testing datasets. In this paper, we propose incorporating multi-scale feature extraction and uncertainty estimation to improve the model's generalization and robustness across domains. Our approach begins with a multi-scale mixed input architecture that captures features at different scales, increasing training diversity and reducing feature discrepancies between the training and testing domains. Based on the mixed input architecture, we further introduce an uncertainty awareness mechanism based on evidential learning by imposing a Dirichlet prior on the labels to facilitate both target prediction and uncertainty estimation. The uncertainty awareness mechanism enhances domain adaptation by aligning features with the same labels across different domains, which leads to significant performance improvements in the target domain. Additionally, our uncertainty-aware model demonstrates a much lower Expected Calibration Error (ECE), indicating better-calibrated prediction confidence. Our experimental results show that this combined approach of mixed input architecture with the uncertainty awareness mechanism achieves state-of-the-art performance across multiple benchmark datasets, underscoring its effectiveness in unsupervised domain adaptation for time series data.

时间序列域适应不确定性多尺度

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