提出协同解码方法,让大模型既准确引用知识又保持自然表达。
Breaking the Trade-Off Between Faithfulness and Expressiveness for Large Language Models
- 通过动态融合有无外部知识的输出概率,智能选择表达内容。
- 在多个模型和评测中显著提升忠实度,且不牺牲表达流畅性。
- 适合需要高可信度生成的场景,如医疗、法律问答。
将外部知识融入大语言模型的输出是缓解幻觉的有效策略。然而,现有模型难以同时兼顾忠实度(或保真度)与表达力,这正是人类天然具备的能力。当前方法要么缺乏外部知识支持,损害忠实度;要么表达冗长生硬,牺牲表达力。为此,本文提出协同解码(CoDe),一种动态整合有无外部知识生成概率的新方法,以分布差异和模型置信度为引导,选择性激活模型内部可靠且相关的表达。此外,引入知识感知重排序机制,防止过度依赖参数化知识,同时确保外部信息被合理利用。全面实验表明,该即插即用框架在多种大模型和评估指标下均显著提升忠实度,且不降低表达力,验证了其有效性与通用性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Grounding responses in external knowledge represents an effective strategy for mitigating hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs). However, current LLMs struggle to seamlessly integrate knowledge while simultaneously maintaining faithfulness (or fidelity) and expressiveness, capabilities that humans naturally possess. This limitation results in outputs that either lack support from external knowledge, thereby compromising faithfulness, or appear overly verbose and unnatural, thus sacrificing expressiveness. In this work, to break the trade-off between faithfulness and expressiveness, we propose Collaborative Decoding (CoDe), a novel approach that dynamically integrates output probabilities generated with and without external knowledge. This integration is guided by distribution divergence and model confidence, enabling the selective activation of relevant and reliable expressions from the model's internal parameters. Furthermore, we introduce a knowledge-aware reranking mechanism that prevents over-reliance on prior parametric knowledge while ensuring proper utilization of provided external information. Through comprehensive experiments, our plug-and-play CoDe framework demonstrates superior performance in enhancing faithfulness without compromising expressiveness across diverse LLMs and evaluation metrics, validating both its effectiveness and generalizability.
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