arXiv:2508.18756cs.LG2025-08被引 6

UltraMemV2让内存型模型性能追上8专家稀疏模型,大幅降低内存访问开销。

UltraMemV2: Memory Networks Scaling to 120B Parameters with Superior Long-Context Learning

  • 将内存层嵌入每个Transformer块,优化参数初始化与计算比例分配。
  • 在长上下文记忆等任务上提升1.6至7.9个点,内存访问量显著减少。
  • 适合追求高效推理的超大规模模型部署,尤其看重内存效率的场景。

尽管混合专家(MoE)模型通过仅激活部分参数实现高效率,但推理时仍存在高昂的内存访问成本。内存层架构虽可大幅降低内存访问,但此前如UltraMem仅达到2专家MoE的性能,远低于当前8专家的先进水平。本文提出UltraMemV2,通过五项改进:将内存层融入每个Transformer块、用单线性投影简化值扩展、采用PEER的FFN式值处理、设计合理的参数初始化方法、重新平衡内存与前馈计算比例,实现性能与8专家MoE相当,同时内存访问极低。实验证明,其在长上下文记忆、多轮记忆和上下文学习任务上分别提升+1.6、+6.2、+7.9点。在最大120B参数、2.5B激活参数的模型规模下验证有效,表明激活密度对性能影响大于总稀疏参数量。本工作使内存层架构达到主流MoE水平,为高效稀疏计算提供有力替代方案。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

While Mixture of Experts (MoE) models achieve remarkable efficiency by activating only subsets of parameters, they suffer from high memory access costs during inference. Memory-layer architectures offer an appealing alternative with very few memory access, but previous attempts like UltraMem have only matched the performance of 2-expert MoE models, falling significantly short of state-of-the-art 8-expert configurations. We present UltraMemV2, a redesigned memory-layer architecture that closes this performance gap. Our approach introduces five key improvements: integrating memory layers into every transformer block, simplifying value expansion with single linear projections, adopting FFN-based value processing from PEER, implementing principled parameter initialization, and rebalancing memory-to-FFN computation ratios. Through extensive evaluation, we demonstrate that UltraMemV2 achieves performance parity with 8-expert MoE models under same computation and parameters but significantly low memory access. Notably, UltraMemV2 shows superior performance on memory-intensive tasks, with improvements of +1.6 points on long-context memorization, +6.2 points on multi-round memorization, and +7.9 points on in-context learning. We validate our approach at scale with models up to 2.5B activated parameters from 120B total parameters, and establish that activation density has greater impact on performance than total sparse parameter count. Our work brings memory-layer architectures to performance parity with state-of-the-art MoE models, presenting a compelling alternative for efficient sparse computation.

稀疏计算内存效率长上下文MoE

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