在低功耗设备上实现实时无接触生命体征监测,支持心率、呼吸率等数据提取。
Design, Implementation and Evaluation of a Real-Time Remote Photoplethysmography (rPPG) Acquisition System for Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring
- 基于多线程与函数式反应式编程,实现视频采集与信号处理并行运行。
- 30帧/秒稳定运行,支持心率、呼吸率和血氧饱和度实时提取。
- 适合医疗健康与人机交互场景,尤其适用于资源受限的嵌入式设备。
智能环境与低功耗计算设备的融合,推动了远程非接触式生理监测的发展。然而,在资源受限平台实现实时部署面临可扩展性、互操作性和性能挑战。本文提出一个面向低功耗设备优化的实时远程光电容积脉搏波图(rPPG)系统,通过面部视频流提取心率(HR)、呼吸率(RR)和血氧饱和度(SpO2)等生理信号。系统基于Face2PPG流程,采用多线程架构同步管理视频捕获、实时处理、网络通信及图形界面更新,确保30帧/秒连续可靠运行,并通过协作式用户界面提供动态反馈以优化信号采集条件。网络接口包含用于持续视频流的HTTP服务器和用于按需获取生命体征的RESTful API。为提升低功耗设备上的性能表现,采用结合函数式反应式编程(FRP)与演员模型的混合编程范式,实现事件驱动处理与高效任务并行。系统在真实时间约束下验证,展现出强鲁棒性且计算开销极小。本工作解决了实时生物信号监测的关键难题,为现代医疗与人机交互应用提供了实用解决方案。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The growing integration of smart environments and low-power computing devices, coupled with mass-market sensor technologies, is driving advancements in remote and non-contact physiological monitoring. However, deploying these systems in real-time on resource-constrained platforms introduces significant challenges related to scalability, interoperability, and performance. This paper presents a real-time remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) system optimized for low-power devices, designed to extract physiological signals, such as heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), and oxygen saturation (SpO2), from facial video streams. The system is built on the Face2PPG pipeline, which processes video frames sequentially for rPPG signal extraction and analysis, while leveraging a multithreaded architecture to manage video capture, real-time processing, network communication, and graphical user interface (GUI) updates concurrently. This design ensures continuous, reliable operation at 30 frames per second (fps), with adaptive feedback through a collaborative user interface to guide optimal signal capture conditions. The network interface includes both an HTTP server for continuous video streaming and a RESTful API for on-demand vital sign retrieval. To ensure accurate performance despite the limitations of low-power devices, we use a hybrid programming model combining Functional Reactive Programming (FRP) and the Actor Model, allowing event-driven processing and efficient task parallelization. The system is evaluated under real-time constraints, demonstrating robustness while minimizing computational overhead. Our work addresses key challenges in real-time biosignal monitoring, offering practical solutions for optimizing performance in modern healthcare and human-computer interaction applications.
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