根据任务需求自动生成局部高精度动力学模型,提升柔性物体操作的规划效率。
Planning-Query-Guided Model Generation for Model-Based Deformable Object Manipulation
- 用扩散模型根据起终点点云预测物体各区域建模精度需求。
- 在树形物体操作任务中,规划速度提升一倍,性能损失小于5%。
- 适合需要快速高效规划的机器人柔性操作场景。
在高维空间(如柔性物体)中实现高效规划,需计算可处理且足够表达的动力学模型。本文提出一种方法,通过学习特定任务中哪些区域需高分辨率建模以达成良好任务表现,自动生成任务定制、空间自适应的动力学模型。任务表现取决于动力学模型、世界动态、控制策略与任务要求之间的复杂交互。所提出的基于扩散的模型生成器,根据定义规划查询的起始与目标点云,预测各区域的模型分辨率。为高效收集训练数据,采用两阶段流程:先用预测动力学作为先验优化分辨率,再直接基于闭环性能优化。在树形物体操作任务中,该方法使规划速度翻倍,仅比全分辨率模型性能下降约5%。该方法为利用以往规划与控制数据,为新任务生成计算高效且表达充分的动力学模型提供了可行路径。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Efficient planning in high-dimensional spaces, such as those involving deformable objects, requires computationally tractable yet sufficiently expressive dynamics models. This paper introduces a method that automatically generates task-specific, spatially adaptive dynamics models by learning which regions of the object require high-resolution modeling to achieve good task performance for a given planning query. Task performance depends on the complex interplay between the dynamics model, world dynamics, control, and task requirements. Our proposed diffusion-based model generator predicts per-region model resolutions based on start and goal pointclouds that define the planning query. To efficiently collect the data for learning this mapping, a two-stage process optimizes resolution using predictive dynamics as a prior before directly optimizing using closed-loop performance. On a tree-manipulation task, our method doubles planning speed with only a small decrease in task performance over using a full-resolution model. This approach informs a path towards using previous planning and control data to generate computationally efficient yet sufficiently expressive dynamics models for new tasks.
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