自动追踪碳纳米管生长,实现实时动态分析。
Automated Feature Tracking for Real-Time Kinematic Analysis and Shape Estimation of Carbon Nanotube Growth
- 基于图像特征匹配的自动化粒子追踪框架
- 13,540条轨迹验证下最佳组合F1达0.78
- 适合需要实时纳米材料表征的研究者
碳纳米管(CNT)是纳米技术的关键构建单元,但其动态生长特性因扫描电子显微镜(SEM)成像中纳米尺度运动测量的实验挑战而难以表征。现有离线方法仅提供静态分析,而在线技术常需人工初始化且缺乏连续的单颗粒轨迹分解。本文提出视觉特征追踪(VFTrack)框架,可自动检测并追踪SEM图像序列中的单个CNT颗粒,集成手工设计或深度学习特征检测器与匹配器,在粒子追踪框架中实现对碳纳米管微柱生长的运动学分析。通过13,540条人工标注轨迹的系统评估,ALIKED检测器搭配LightGlue匹配器表现最优(F1-score为0.78,α-score为0.89)。VFTrack将运动矢量分解为轴向生长、横向漂移和振荡成分,支持异质区域生长速率计算及演变中的碳纳米管柱形貌重建。该工作推动了自动化纳米材料表征的发展,弥合物理模型与实验观测之间的差距,实现碳纳米管合成过程的实时优化。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are critical building blocks in nanotechnology, yet the characterization of their dynamic growth is limited by the experimental challenges in nanoscale motion measurement using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging. Existing ex situ methods offer only static analysis, while in situ techniques often require manual initialization and lack continuous per-particle trajectory decomposition. We present Visual Feature Tracking (VFTrack) an in-situ real-time particle tracking framework that automatically detects and tracks individual CNT particles in SEM image sequences. VFTrack integrates handcrafted or deep feature detectors and matchers within a particle tracking framework to enable kinematic analysis of CNT micropillar growth. A systematic using 13,540 manually annotated trajectories identifies the ALIKED detector with LightGlue matcher as an optimal combination (F1-score of 0.78, $α$-score of 0.89). VFTrack motion vectors decomposed into axial growth, lateral drift, and oscillations, facilitate the calculation of heterogeneous regional growth rates and the reconstruction of evolving CNT pillar morphologies. This work enables advancement in automated nano-material characterization, bridging the gap between physics-based models and experimental observation to enable real-time optimization of CNT synthesis.
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