arXiv:2508.19495cs.DCcs.LG2025-08

生成式AI让6G网络具备感知、推理与自主响应能力,成为智能环境核心。

Towards 6G Intelligence: The Role of Generative AI in Future Wireless Networks

  • 用生成式AI模拟缺失的传感与信道数据,填补观测盲区
  • 将用户意图转为紧凑语义指令,实现主动网络调控
  • 适合研究6G智能生态、数字孪生及隐私保护的从业者

环境智能(AmI)是一种计算范式,通过嵌入感知、计算与通信能力,使物理环境能感知人与上下文、自主决策并响应。实现全球规模的AmI需第六代(6G)无线网络具备实时感知、推理与行为同步的能力。本文认为生成式人工智能(GenAI)是此类环境的创造核心。不同于传统AI,GenAI可学习数据分布并生成真实样本,适用于填补关键空白:在观测不足区域生成合成传感器与信道数据,将用户意图转化为紧凑语义消息,预测未来网络状态以实现主动控制,并在不泄露隐私的前提下更新数字孪生。本文回顾了生成对抗网络(GANs)、变分自编码器(VAEs)、扩散模型与生成式变压器等基础模型,并将其与实际应用场景结合,如频谱共享、超可靠低时延通信、智能安全和上下文感知数字孪生。同时探讨了边缘/雾计算、物联网设备集群、智能反射面(IRS)及非地面网络如何支持或加速分布式生成式AI。最后指出能源效率、可信合成数据、联邦生成学习及面向AmI的标准制定等开放挑战。研究表明,生成式AI并非附加功能,而是将6G从更快网络转变为环境智能生态的基础要素。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Ambient intelligence (AmI) is a computing paradigm in which physical environments are embedded with sensing, computation, and communication so they can perceive people and context, decide appropriate actions, and respond autonomously. Realizing AmI at global scale requires sixth generation (6G) wireless networks with capabilities for real time perception, reasoning, and action aligned with human behavior and mobility patterns. We argue that Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) is the creative core of such environments. Unlike traditional AI, GenAI learns data distributions and can generate realistic samples, making it well suited to close key AmI gaps, including generating synthetic sensor and channel data in under observed areas, translating user intent into compact, semantic messages, predicting future network conditions for proactive control, and updating digital twins without compromising privacy. This chapter reviews foundational GenAI models, GANs, VAEs, diffusion models, and generative transformers, and connects them to practical AmI use cases, including spectrum sharing, ultra reliable low latency communication, intelligent security, and context aware digital twins. We also examine how 6G enablers, such as edge and fog computing, IoT device swarms, intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS), and non terrestrial networks, can host or accelerate distributed GenAI. Finally, we outline open challenges in energy efficient on device training, trustworthy synthetic data, federated generative learning, and AmI specific standardization. We show that GenAI is not a peripheral addition, but a foundational element for transforming 6G from a faster network into an ambient intelligent ecosystem.

6G智能生成式AI数字孪生无线网络

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