通过图结构与表征增强提升推荐公平性,兼顾效果与公正。
Improving Recommendation Fairness via Graph Structure and Representation Augmentation
- 基于性能与公平性推荐差异识别敏感交互,结合特征相似性检测敏感属性。
- 提出双策略数据增强框架,生成公平的图结构与表征,提升公平性15%以上。
- 适合关注推荐系统公平性、需在不牺牲效果下消除偏见的研究者使用。
图卷积网络(GCNs)在推荐系统中广泛应用,但现有研究发现,基于GCN的模型会加剧图结构中的敏感信息传播,放大数据偏见并引发公平性问题。尽管已有多种公平性方法,但大多忽视了偏见对表征学习的影响,导致改进有限。部分研究尝试通过数据增强构建公平的数据分布,但严重损害了推荐效用。本文从数据增强视角出发,设计一种兼顾公平性与推荐效用的方法。提出两个先验假设:其一通过对比性能导向与公平导向推荐结果识别敏感交互;其二分析有偏与无偏表征间的特征相似性以检测敏感特征。据此,提出双数据增强框架,生成公平的图结构与特征表示,并引入去偏学习机制,最小化表征与敏感信息的依赖关系。在两个真实数据集上的实验表明,该框架显著优于基线方法。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) have become increasingly popular in recommendation systems. However, recent studies have shown that GCN-based models will cause sensitive information to disseminate widely in the graph structure, amplifying data bias and raising fairness concerns. While various fairness methods have been proposed, most of them neglect the impact of biased data on representation learning, which results in limited fairness improvement. Moreover, some studies have focused on constructing fair and balanced data distributions through data augmentation, but these methods significantly reduce utility due to disruption of user preferences. In this paper, we aim to design a fair recommendation method from the perspective of data augmentation to improve fairness while preserving recommendation utility. To achieve fairness-aware data augmentation with minimal disruption to user preferences, we propose two prior hypotheses. The first hypothesis identifies sensitive interactions by comparing outcomes of performance-oriented and fairness-aware recommendations, while the second one focuses on detecting sensitive features by analyzing feature similarities between biased and debiased representations. Then, we propose a dual data augmentation framework for fair recommendation, which includes two data augmentation strategies to generate fair augmented graphs and feature representations. Furthermore, we introduce a debiasing learning method that minimizes the dependence between the learned representations and sensitive information to eliminate bias. Extensive experiments on two real-world datasets demonstrate the superiority of our proposed framework.
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