arXiv:2508.19731cs.RO2025-08中稿 · IROS2025

考虑人移动的动态影响,让多机器人系统更高效分配任务。

Efficient Human-Aware Task Allocation for Multi-Robot Systems in Shared Environments

  • 用动态地图预测人移动,优化任务分配成本
  • 任务完成时间最多减少26%
  • 适合人机共存场景的机器人调度

多机器人系统在物流或自动驾驶配送等应用中日益普及,其高效协作的关键在于多机器人任务分配(MRTA)。现有方法多依赖静态地图,忽略人类运动模式,导致导航延迟。本文提出一种新方法,利用可时空查询的动态地图(MoDs)捕捉历史人流规律,估算人类对任务执行时间的影响。该方法采用包含MoDs的随机成本函数,在实验中显示相较无动态感知方法任务完成时间最多缩短26%,相较基线方法最多缩短19%。结果表明,在有人共享环境中考虑人类动态对提升多机器人系统效率至关重要,并提供了一套高效部署框架。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Multi-robot systems are increasingly deployed in applications, such as intralogistics or autonomous delivery, where multiple robots collaborate to complete tasks efficiently. One of the key factors enabling their efficient cooperation is Multi-Robot Task Allocation (MRTA). Algorithms solving this problem optimize task distribution among robots to minimize the overall execution time. In shared environments, apart from the relative distance between the robots and the tasks, the execution time is also significantly impacted by the delay caused by navigating around moving people. However, most existing MRTA approaches are dynamics-agnostic, relying on static maps and neglecting human motion patterns, leading to inefficiencies and delays. In this paper, we introduce \acrfull{method name}. This method leverages Maps of Dynamics (MoDs), spatio-temporal queryable models designed to capture historical human movement patterns, to estimate the impact of humans on the task execution time during deployment. \acrshort{method name} utilizes a stochastic cost function that includes MoDs. Experimental results show that integrating MoDs enhances task allocation performance, resulting in reduced mission completion times by up to $26\%$ compared to the dynamics-agnostic method and up to $19\%$ compared to the baseline. This work underscores the importance of considering human dynamics in MRTA within shared environments and presents an efficient framework for deploying multi-robot systems in environments populated by humans.

多机器人任务分配人机协同动态地图

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