arXiv:2508.20135eess.IVcs.AI2025-08被引 1

仅用50个标注点云,实现荒野道路的精准3D语义分割。

Data-Efficient Point Cloud Semantic Segmentation Pipeline for Unimproved Roads

  • 分两阶段训练:先跨数据集预训练,再轻量头微调。
  • 在50个目标域标签样本下,mIoU从33.5%提升至51.8%。
  • 适合低数据场景下的道路与环境感知系统开发者。

本案例研究提出一种数据高效的点云分割流程与训练框架,用于鲁棒分割未铺装道路及七类其他类别。方法采用两阶段训练:首先在公开城市数据集与少量领域内数据混合上预训练基于投影的卷积神经网络;随后仅在领域内数据上微调轻量预测头。过程中探索了点提示训练在批归一化层的应用,以及流形混合作为正则化手段的效果,并引入直方图归一化的环境特征以进一步提升性能。仅使用50个目标域标注点云,相比直接在领域内数据上训练,平均交并比(mIoU)从33.5%提升至51.8%,整体准确率从85.5%提升至90.8%。结果表明,跨数据集预训练对提升泛化能力、实现在有限领域监督下的鲁棒分割至关重要。该研究展示了在挑战性低数据场景下实现可靠3D语义分割的实用框架。代码已开源:https://github.com/andrewyarovoi/MD-FRNet。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

In this case study, we present a data-efficient point cloud segmentation pipeline and training framework for robust segmentation of unimproved roads and seven other classes. Our method employs a two-stage training framework: first, a projection-based convolutional neural network is pre-trained on a mixture of public urban datasets and a small, curated in-domain dataset; then, a lightweight prediction head is fine-tuned exclusively on in-domain data. Along the way, we explore the application of Point Prompt Training to batch normalization layers and the effects of Manifold Mixup as a regularizer within our pipeline. We also explore the effects of incorporating histogram-normalized ambients to further boost performance. Using only 50 labeled point clouds from our target domain, we show that our proposed training approach improves mean Intersection-over-Union from 33.5% to 51.8% and the overall accuracy from 85.5% to 90.8%, when compared to naive training on the in-domain data. Crucially, our results demonstrate that pre-training across multiple datasets is key to improving generalization and enabling robust segmentation under limited in-domain supervision. Overall, this study demonstrates a practical framework for robust 3D semantic segmentation in challenging, low-data scenarios. Our code is available at: https://github.com/andrewyarovoi/MD-FRNet.

点云分割小样本学习自动驾驶

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