通过分段与逐帧优化,高效减少视频大模型的视觉令牌数。
MMG-Vid: Maximizing Marginal Gains at Segment-level and Token-level for Efficient Video LLMs
- 按帧相似性分段,动态分配令牌预算以提升效率
- 保留99.5%原始性能,令牌减少75%,预填充加速3.9倍
- 无需训练,适合部署在资源受限的视频理解场景
视频大语言模型(VLLMs)在视频理解任务中表现优异,但过多的视觉令牌带来了显著的计算负担。现有方法通过剪枝视觉令牌提升推理效率,但未考虑视频帧的动态特性和时间依赖性,将视频理解视为多帧任务。为此,我们提出MMG-Vid——一种无需训练的视觉令牌剪枝框架,通过在段级和标记级最大化边际增益来消除冗余。首先,基于帧相似性将视频划分为多个段,并为每段动态分配令牌预算以最大化段级边际增益;随后,提出时序引导的DPC算法,联合建模帧间独特性与帧内多样性,以最大化每个标记的边际增益。两者结合使有限的令牌预算得到最优利用,在保持强性能的同时显著提升效率。大量实验表明,MMG-Vid可在保持超过99.5%原始性能的前提下,有效减少75%视觉令牌,并使LLaVA-OneVision-7B的预填充阶段提速3.9倍。代码即将开源。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Video Large Language Models (VLLMs) excel in video understanding, but their excessive visual tokens pose a significant computational challenge for real-world applications. Current methods aim to enhance inference efficiency by visual token pruning. However, they do not consider the dynamic characteristics and temporal dependencies of video frames, as they perceive video understanding as a multi-frame task. To address these challenges, we propose MMG-Vid, a novel training-free visual token pruning framework that removes redundancy by Maximizing Marginal Gains at both segment-level and token-level. Specifically, we first divide the video into segments based on frame similarity, and then dynamically allocate the token budget for each segment to maximize the marginal gain of each segment. Subsequently, we propose a temporal-guided DPC algorithm that jointly models inter-frame uniqueness and intra-frame diversity, thereby maximizing the marginal gain of each token. By combining both stages, MMG-Vid can maximize the utilization of the limited token budget, significantly improving efficiency while maintaining strong performance. Extensive experiments demonstrate that MMG-Vid can maintain over 99.5% of the original performance, while effectively reducing 75% visual tokens and accelerating the prefilling stage by 3.9x on LLaVA-OneVision-7B. Code will be released soon.
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