arXiv:2508.21246quant-phcs.AI2025-08

用AI+量子协同设计最优量子传感电路,提升测量精度。

HCQA: Hybrid Classical-Quantum Agent for Generating Optimal Quantum Sensor Circuits

  • 结合深度Q网络与量子动作选择,实现智能优化
  • 在双量子比特上生成最优电路,量子费舍尔信息达1
  • 适合量子传感与精密测量方向的研究者

本研究提出一种混合经典-量子智能体HCQA,用于设计最优量子传感器电路(QSCs),以应对复杂的量子物理问题。HCQA通过深度Q网络(DQN)学习策略并优化决策,结合基于量子值(Q-values)的量子动作选择机制。利用Ry门编码智能体当前状态,构建可能动作的叠加态;测量结果产生概率性动作输出,从而选择最大化量子费舍尔信息(QFI)且门数最少的门序列。该方法可自动生成高灵敏度的纠缠量子态,特别是压缩态,适用于量子态估计与控制。在由两个量子比特及一系列Rx、Ry和S门组成的QSC上验证表明,其能高效生成最优电路,实现QFI为1。本工作展示了人工智能学习与量子计算的协同潜力,说明智能体可自主发现增强传感与估计任务的最优量子电路设计。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

This study proposes an HCQA for designing optimal Quantum Sensor Circuits (QSCs) to address complex quantum physics problems. The HCQA integrates computational intelligence techniques by leveraging a Deep Q-Network (DQN) for learning and policy optimization, enhanced by a quantum-based action selection mechanism based on the Q-values. A quantum circuit encodes the agent current state using Ry gates, and then creates a superposition of possible actions. Measurement of the circuit results in probabilistic action outcomes, allowing the agent to generate optimal QSCs by selecting sequences of gates that maximize the Quantum Fisher Information (QFI) while minimizing the number of gates. This computational intelligence-driven HCQA enables the automated generation of entangled quantum states, specifically the squeezed states, with high QFI sensitivity for quantum state estimation and control. Evaluation of the HCQA on a QSC that consists of two qubits and a sequence of Rx, Ry, and S gates demonstrates its efficiency in generating optimal QSCs with a QFI of 1. This work highlights the synergy between AI-driven learning and quantum computation, illustrating how intelligent agents can autonomously discover optimal quantum circuit designs for enhanced sensing and estimation tasks.

量子传感强化学习量子电路智能优化

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