arXiv:2508.21322cs.RO2025-08中稿 · IEEE TVT被引 1

提出分布式框架,让自动驾驶车在不确定环境中实时安全协同。

Robust Real-Time Coordination of CAVs: A Distributed Optimization Framework under Uncertainty

  • 直接调控车辆轨迹分布,用自适应安全约束应对交互不确定性。
  • 采用并行ADMM算法,减少40.79%碰撞率,支持灵活计算资源调配。
  • 引入交互注意力机制,降低15.4%计算开销,适合复杂交通场景。

在动态不确定环境中实现自动驾驶车辆协同的安全保障与实时性能仍是重大挑战。现有方法在安全建模中对不确定性处理不足,且在多车耦合下计算负担沉重。本文提出一种新框架,通过三项创新解决该问题:1)在协同过程中直接控制车辆轨迹分布,构建鲁棒协作规划问题,采用自适应增强型安全约束,确保在交互轨迹不确定性下的指定安全水平;2)提出完全并行的基于ADMM的分布式轨迹协商(ADMM-DTN)算法,高效求解优化问题,并可配置协商轮次以平衡解质量与计算资源;3)设计交互注意力机制,选择性关注关键交互参与者,进一步提升计算效率。仿真结果表明,本框架在多种场景下碰撞率降低最高达40.79%,同时保持良好可扩展性。交互注意力机制使计算需求再降低15.4%。真实世界实验验证了其在突发动态障碍物下的鲁棒性与实时可行性,能在复杂交通场景中实现可靠协同。实验演示视频见:https://youtu.be/4PZwBnCsb6Q。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Achieving both safety guarantees and real-time performance in cooperative vehicle coordination remains a fundamental challenge, particularly in dynamic and uncertain environments. Existing methods often suffer from insufficient uncertainty treatment in safety modeling, which intertwines with the heavy computational burden under complex multi-vehicle coupling. This paper presents a novel coordination framework that resolves this challenge through three key innovations: 1) direct control of vehicles' trajectory distributions during coordination, formulated as a robust cooperative planning problem with adaptive enhanced safety constraints, ensuring a specified level of safety regarding the uncertainty of the interactive trajectory, 2) a fully parallel ADMM-based distributed trajectory negotiation (ADMM-DTN) algorithm that efficiently solves the optimization problem while allowing configurable negotiation rounds to balance solution quality and computational resources, and 3) an interactive attention mechanism that selectively focuses on critical interactive participants to further enhance computational efficiency. Simulation results demonstrate that our framework achieves significant advantages in safety (reducing collision rates by up to 40.79\% in various scenarios) and real-time performance compared to representative benchmarks, while maintaining strong scalability with increasing vehicle numbers. The proposed interactive attention mechanism further reduces the computational demand by 15.4\%. Real-world experiments further validate robustness and real-time feasibility with unexpected dynamic obstacles, demonstrating reliable coordination in complex traffic scenes. The experiment demo could be found at https://youtu.be/4PZwBnCsb6Q.

自动驾驶协同控制分布式优化实时系统

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