改进多启发式搜索算法,让结果随时间持续优化。
A-MHA*: Anytime Multi-Heuristic A*
- 融合多个不完全准确的启发式函数,提升搜索效率。
- 首次实现多启发式搜索的渐进式优化,可随时间改进解质量。
- 适合需要快速生成可行解并持续优化的路径规划场景。
设计优秀的图搜索启发函数需要丰富的领域知识。通常难以构建在整个搜索空间中均满足可接受性(admissible)的启发函数,导致部分区域性能好但整体可能破坏最优性保证。多启发式A*(MHA*)通过结合多个局部表现良好但全局不可接受的启发函数,实现有界次优搜索。然而原版MHA*仅一次性生成解,无法随时间改进。本文提出A-MHA*,受任何时间修复A*(ARA*)启发,使算法能在初始阶段快速找到可行次优解,并持续优化直至时间耗尽。我们证明该方法在保持原有多启发式算法次优性和完备性的同时,实现了真正意义上的任何时间行为。实验在三维路径规划和滑动拼图问题上验证了A-MHA*的有效性,优于MHA*及其他任何时间算法。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Designing good heuristic functions for graph search requires adequate domain knowledge. It is often easy to design heuristics that perform well and correlate with the underlying true cost-to-go values in certain parts of the search space but these may not be admissible throughout the domain thereby affecting the optimality guarantees of the search. Bounded suboptimal search using several such partially good but inadmissible heuristics was developed in Multi-Heuristic A* (MHA*). Although MHA* leverages multiple inadmissible heuristics to potentially generate a faster suboptimal solution, the original version does not improve the solution over time. It is a one shot algorithm that requires careful setting of inflation factors to obtain a desired one time solution. In this work, we tackle this issue by extending MHA* to an anytime version that finds a feasible suboptimal solution quickly and continually improves it until time runs out. Our work is inspired from the Anytime Repairing A* (ARA*) algorithm. We prove that our precise adaptation of ARA* concepts in the MHA* framework preserves the original suboptimal and completeness guarantees and enhances MHA* to perform in an anytime fashion. Furthermore, we report the performance of A-MHA* in 3-D path planning domain and sliding tiles puzzle and compare against MHA* and other anytime algorithms.
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