通过自适应路径采样,5次函数计算即实现高质量图像生成。
A-FloPS: Accelerating Diffusion Models via Adaptive Flow Path Sampler
- 将扩散模型采样路径重参数化为流匹配形式,无需重新训练。
- 仅需5次函数评估,FID显著降低,图像更清晰连贯。
- 适用于各类生成模型,特别适合低延迟高质生成场景。
扩散模型在多种模态上表现卓越,但其迭代采样过程计算成本高昂。现有免训练加速方法通常改进反向时间微分方程的数值求解器,但受限于采样轨迹效率。我们提出A-FloPS(自适应流路径采样器),一种原理严谨、免训练的框架,将任意预训练扩散模型的采样轨迹重参数化为流匹配形式,并引入自适应速度分解机制。该重参数化解析地将扩散得分映射为流兼容速度,生成可积分的轨迹,无需再训练。自适应机制进一步将速度场分解为线性漂移项与残差成分,主动抑制其时间变化,使高阶积分在极低NFE(函数评估次数)条件下仍保持精度。在条件图像生成与文本到图像合成任务中,A-FloPS持续优于当前最优免训练采样器,样本质量与效率俱佳。值得注意的是,仅用5次函数评估,其便实现显著更低的FID,生成更锐利、更一致的图像。该机制亦提升原生流基生成模型性能,凸显其通用性。这些结果表明,A-FloPS是高质量、低延迟生成建模的通用高效方案。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Diffusion models deliver state-of-the-art generative performance across diverse modalities but remain computationally expensive due to their inherently iterative sampling process. Existing training-free acceleration methods typically improve numerical solvers for the reverse-time ODE, yet their effectiveness is fundamentally constrained by the inefficiency of the underlying sampling trajectories. We propose A-FloPS (Adaptive Flow Path Sampler), a principled, training-free framework that reparameterizes the sampling trajectory of any pre-trained diffusion model into a flow-matching form and augments it with an adaptive velocity decomposition. The reparameterization analytically maps diffusion scores to flow-compatible velocities, yielding integration-friendly trajectories without retraining. The adaptive mechanism further factorizes the velocity field into a linear drift term and a residual component whose temporal variation is actively suppressed, restoring the accuracy benefits of high-order integration even in extremely low-NFE regimes. Extensive experiments on conditional image generation and text-to-image synthesis show that A-FloPS consistently outperforms state-of-the-art training-free samplers in both sample quality and efficiency. Notably, with as few as $5$ function evaluations, A-FloPS achieves substantially lower FID and generates sharper, more coherent images. The adaptive mechanism also improves native flow-based generative models, underscoring its generality. These results position A-FloPS as a versatile and effective solution for high-quality, low-latency generative modeling.
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