用博弈论与超图学习,快速识别并防御微电网的协同网络攻击。
Game Theoretic Resilience Recommendation Framework for CyberPhysical Microgrids Using Hypergraph MetaLearning
- 通过超图神经网络+元学习建模攻击者,快速适应新攻击策略。
- 在69、123、300节点系统上恢复90%高危攻击后的供电,电压稳定达标。
- 发现关键脆弱馈线,给出预置开关等可操作的防御建议。
本文提出一种面向辐射状微电网在协同网络攻击下的物理感知网络安全韧性框架。攻击者通过融合模型无关元学习(MAML)的超图神经网络(HGNN)建模,能快速适应不断演变的防御策略并预测高影响事件。防御方采用双层斯塔克尔伯格博弈建模,上层利用交替方向乘子法(ADMM)协调的非支配排序遗传算法II(NSGA-II)优化联络线切换与分布式能源(DER)调度,同时兼顾负荷供电量、运行成本和电压稳定性,确保所有防御后状态满足网络物理约束。方法首先在含12个DER、8个关键负荷和5条联络线的IEEE 69节点配电测试系统验证,随后扩展至IEEE 123节点馈线及合成300节点系统。结果表明,该防御策略对排名前10%的攻击可恢复近90%服务,有效缓解电压越限问题,并识别出馈线2为关键脆弱路径。由此导出可操作的运行规则:提前配置特定联络线以增强韧性;更高节点系统的研究证实该框架在IEEE 123节点和300节点系统上具有良好的可扩展性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This paper presents a physics-aware cyberphysical resilience framework for radial microgrids under coordinated cyberattacks. The proposed approach models the attacker through a hypergraph neural network (HGNN) enhanced with model agnostic metalearning (MAML) to rapidly adapt to evolving defense strategies and predict high-impact contingencies. The defender is modeled via a bi-level Stackelberg game, where the upper level selects optimal tie-line switching and distributed energy resource (DER) dispatch using an Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) coordinator embedded within the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II). The framework simultaneously optimizes load served, operational cost, and voltage stability, ensuring all post-defense states satisfy network physics constraints. The methodology is first validated on the IEEE 69-bus distribution test system with 12 DERs, 8 critical loads, and 5 tie-lines, and then extended to higher bus systems including the IEEE 123-bus feeder and a synthetic 300-bus distribution system. Results show that the proposed defense strategy restores nearly full service for 90% of top-ranked attacks, mitigates voltage violations, and identifies Feeder 2 as the principal vulnerability corridor. Actionable operating rules are derived, recommending pre-arming of specific tie-lines to enhance resilience, while higher bus system studies confirm scalability of the framework on the IEEE 123-bus and 300-bus systems.
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