arXiv:2509.00808cs.CVcs.AI2025-09

通过模拟医生调对比度,提升胎儿超声图像分类准确率。

Adaptive Contrast Adjustment Module: A Clinically-Inspired Plug-and-Play Approach for Enhanced Fetal Plane Classification

  • 用浅层网络预测临床合理对比度参数,动态增强图像。
  • 轻量模型准确率提升2.02%,顶尖模型也增1.15%。
  • 适合医学影像分析中图像质量不稳定的场景使用。

胎儿超声标准切面分类对可靠产前诊断至关重要,但面临组织对比度低、边界模糊及操作者导致的图像质量差异等挑战。为克服这些限制,我们提出一种即插即用的自适应对比度调整模块(ACAM),其设计灵感来自医生调整图像对比度以获得更清晰结构信息的临床实践。该模块采用浅层纹理敏感网络预测临床合理的对比度参数,通过可微映射将输入图像转换为多个对比度增强视图,并在下游分类器中融合。在包含12,400张图像、六个解剖类别、多中心的数据集上验证,该模块在多种模型上均持续提升性能:轻量模型准确率提升2.02%,传统模型提升1.29%,状态领先模型提升1.15%。模块创新在于其内容感知自适应能力,以物理信息驱动的变换替代随机预处理,契合超声医师工作流程,同时通过多视图融合提升对成像异质性的鲁棒性。该方法有效连接低层图像特征与高层语义,为真实世界图像质量波动下的医学图像分析建立新范式。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Fetal ultrasound standard plane classification is essential for reliable prenatal diagnosis but faces inherent challenges, including low tissue contrast, boundary ambiguity, and operator-dependent image quality variations. To overcome these limitations, we propose a plug-and-play adaptive contrast adjustment module (ACAM), whose core design is inspired by the clinical practice of doctors adjusting image contrast to obtain clearer and more discriminative structural information. The module employs a shallow texture-sensitive network to predict clinically plausible contrast parameters, transforms input images into multiple contrast-enhanced views through differentiable mapping, and fuses them within downstream classifiers. Validated on a multi-center dataset of 12,400 images across six anatomical categories, the module consistently improves performance across diverse models, with accuracy of lightweight models increasing by 2.02 percent, accuracy of traditional models increasing by 1.29 percent, and accuracy of state-of-the-art models increasing by 1.15 percent. The innovation of the module lies in its content-aware adaptation capability, replacing random preprocessing with physics-informed transformations that align with sonographer workflows while improving robustness to imaging heterogeneity through multi-view fusion. This approach effectively bridges low-level image features with high-level semantics, establishing a new paradigm for medical image analysis under real-world image quality variations.

超声图像对比度增强医学影像

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