arXiv:2509.01314cs.CL2025-09被引 2

小模型通过高效微调,也能在低资源领域实现优秀摘要效果。

Can Smaller LLMs do better? Unlocking Cross-Domain Potential through Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning for Text Summarization

  • 用参数高效微调技术,在高资源数据上训练跨领域适配器。
  • 低资源领域下,小模型性能超越大模型和少量样本学习。
  • 利用跨域适配器组合,挖掘语言共性提升适应能力。

大型语言模型虽具通用性,但其在新领域的适应能力存疑,且传统微调成本高昂。针对低资源领域缺乏标注数据的问题,本文采用参数高效微调(PEFT)技术,在科学、医学、法律和新闻等14个高资源数据集上训练,以提升对未见低资源领域的文本摘要性能。实验使用Llama-3-8B-Instruct模型,对比六种PEFT方法。结果表明:在低资源场景下,使用域内适配器的推理表现优于少样本学习,甚至超过更大的Llama-3-70B-Instruct模型。当缺乏域内适配器时,引入跨域适配器及适配器组合策略,利用不同领域间的内在语言相似性,显著提升低资源环境下的可迁移性和性能。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Large Language Models (LLMs), being generic task solvers, are versatile. However, despite the vast amount of data they are trained on, there are speculations about their adaptation capabilities to a new domain. Additionally, the simple fine-tuning of the model to incorporate knowledge of a new domain is computationally expensive and time-consuming. This becomes more challenging when the domain in question is also low-resource, and labeled data is unavailable. We leverage parameter-efficient fine-tuning techniques (PEFTs) on high-resource datasets to address these challenges to improve performance on unseen low-resource domains. Throughout our experiments, we evaluate whether intrinsic linguistic commonalities between datasets can be leveraged for efficient domain adaptation. We benchmark six PEFTs with \texttt{Llama-3-8B-Instruct} on 14 training datasets from the Scientific, Medical, Legal, and News domains for a Text Summarization task. Our experiments show that for low-resource domains, inference using Within-Domain Adapters can achieve better performance than Few-Shot as well as a much larger \texttt{Llama-3-70B-Instruct}. Lastly, in the absence of Within-Domain Adapters, we explore the concept of using Cross-Domain Adapters as well as the strategic combinations of adapters to leverage intrinsic language similarities across domains, facilitating better adaptability and performance in low-resource settings.

小模型文本摘要参数高效跨域适配

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。