arXiv:2509.01721cs.LG2025-09中稿 · NeurIPS

用卷积蒙日映射对齐不同脑电数据集,提升独立成分分类准确率。

Convolutional Monge Mapping between EEG Datasets to Support Independent Component Labeling

  • 提出两种新谱参考计算方式,实现跨通道数数据集的映射。
  • 在脑电独立成分分类任务中显著提升区分脑源与伪迹的能力。
  • 适用于设备差异大、噪声复杂的临床脑电分析场景。

脑电图记录包含丰富的神经活动信息,但受传感器、放大器和滤波器影响,存在伪影、噪声及表层差异。独立成分分析与自动成分标签有助于脑电数据管道中的伪影去除。卷积蒙日映射归一化(CMMN)是一种近期工具,用于实现脑电信号的谱一致性,已被证明可提升深度神经网络在睡眠分期中的表现。本文提出CMMN的新扩展,通过两种替代方法计算目标信号映射的源参考谱:(1) 通道平均并经$l_1$归一化的质心;(2) 主体间映射,寻找与目标主体谱最接近的源主体。值得注意的是,该扩展生成时空可分离的滤波器,可用于映射通道数不同的数据集。将这些滤波器应用于独立成分分类任务,显著提升了识别脑源与非脑源独立成分的能力。临床意义:脑电图广泛用于癫痫、精神病等神经疾病的诊断与监测。尽管独立成分分析与标签化可自动化伪影去除,但记录设备与环境差异(如电力线干扰及其他设备噪声)会影响机器学习模型性能,而通过滤波进行适当的谱归一化可有效降低此类影响。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

EEG recordings contain rich information about neural activity but are subject to artifacts, noise, and superficial differences due to sensors, amplifiers, and filtering. Independent component analysis and automatic labeling of independent components (ICs) enable artifact removal in EEG pipelines. Convolutional Monge Mapping Normalization (CMMN) is a recent tool used to achieve spectral conformity of EEG signals, which was shown to improve deep neural network approaches for sleep staging. Here we propose a novel extension of the CMMN method with two alternative approaches to computing the source reference spectrum the target signals are mapped to: (1) channel-averaged and $l_1$-normalized barycenter, and (2) a subject-to-subject mapping that finds the source subject with the closest spectrum to the target subject. Notably, our extension yields space-time separable filters that can be used to map between datasets with different numbers of EEG channels. We apply these filters in an IC classification task, and show significant improvement in recognizing brain versus non-brain ICs. Clinical relevance - EEG recordings are used in the diagnosis and monitoring of multiple neuropathologies, including epilepsy and psychosis. While EEG analysis can benefit from automating artifact removal through independent component analysis and labeling, differences in recording equipment and context (the presence of noise from electrical wiring and other devices) may impact the performance of machine learning models, but these differences can be minimized by appropriate spectral normalization through filtering.

脑电分析独立成分谱归一化映射方法

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