arXiv:2509.03241cs.LG2025-09

用神经网络优化毫米波网络中智能表面的元素分配,提升系统吞吐量。

Unsupervised Learning based Element Resource Allocation for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces in mmWave Network

  • 设计五层全连接网络结合预处理,降低输入维度与计算复杂度。
  • 相比现有方案,系统吞吐量提升6.8%,且计算开销显著降低。
  • 适合需要高效可扩展资源分配的毫米波无线网络场景。

随着无线系统对高速率和无缝连接需求的增长,可重构智能表面(RIS)及基于人工智能的无线应用受到广泛关注。RIS由被动反射天线单元组成,通过调节反射单元的相位来控制无线传播环境。将RIS单元分配给多个用户设备(UE)对于高效利用RIS至关重要。本文在α-公平调度框架下,提出联合优化RIS相位配置与资源分配的问题,并设计了一种高效的RIS单元分配方法。传统迭代优化方法随RIS单元数量增加导致计算复杂度指数级上升,且监督学习训练标签生成困难。为此,我们提出一种五层全连接神经网络(FNN)结合预处理技术,显著降低输入维度,减少计算复杂度并提升可扩展性。仿真结果表明,所提基于神经网络的解决方案在降低计算开销的同时,相比现有RIS单元分配方案,系统吞吐量提升6.8%。此外,该系统在降低计算复杂度的基础上实现更优性能,显著优于传统迭代优化算法的可扩展性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The increasing demand for high data rates and seamless connectivity in wireless systems has sparked significant interest in reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) and artificial intelligence-based wireless applications. RIS typically comprises passive reflective antenna elements that control the wireless propagation environment by adequately tuning the phase of the reflective elements. The allocation of RIS elements to multipleuser equipment (UEs) is crucial for efficiently utilizing RIS. In this work, we formulate a joint optimization problem that optimizes the RIS phase configuration and resource allocation under an $α$-fair scheduling framework and propose an efficient way of allocating RIS elements. Conventional iterative optimization methods, however, suffer from exponentially increasing computational complexity as the number of RIS elements increases and also complicate the generation of training labels for supervised learning. To overcome these challenges, we propose a five-layer fully connected neural network (FNN) combined with a preprocessing technique to significantly reduce input dimensionality, lower computational complexity, and enhance scalability. The simulation results show that our proposed NN-based solution reduces computational overhead while significantly improving system throughput by 6.8% compared to existing RIS element allocation schemes. Furthermore, the proposed system achieves better performance while reducing computational complexity, making it significantly more scalable than the iterative optimization algorithms.

智能表面资源分配神经网络毫米波

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