医学物理学家可推动术中影像技术发展，提升手术安全与效率。
Image-Guided Surgery: Technology, Quality, Innovation, and Opportunities for Medical Physics
- 整合术中成像、导航与注册技术，构建手术精准支持体系。
- 跨学科合作推动技术创新，联邦资助与产学联动成主要驱动力。
- 适合关注手术质量保障、医疗数据科学的医学物理学者参考。
医学物理在放射学与放疗领域已有一百多年的发展历史。与此同时，外科技术（如术中影像、配准与追踪）虽依赖医学物理专家的技术专长，但主要通过生物医学工程与计算机科学等领域的协作实现进步，且转化路径相对独立。本文回顾了这些科学、工程与临床领域的平行与融合演进，展望医学物理在手术研究与实践中的更广泛影响。综述涵盖术中影像、跟踪/导航、图像配准、可视化及外科机器人等技术在各类手术中的应用。分析了研究与创新的驱动因素，包括联邦资助与学术-产业合作，并指出实现重大临床影响的主要挑战。文章还提出未来十年医学物理师可拓展专业领域，参与技术创新、数据科学、流程优化、患者安全提升及手术全流程质量保障。尽管面临知识壁垒、资质认证与投资不足等挑战，但均具可解决性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The science and clinical practice of medical physics has been integral to the advancement of radiology and radiation therapy for over a century. In parallel, advances in surgery - including intraoperative imaging, registration, and other technologies within the expertise of medical physicists - have advanced primarily in connection to other disciplines, such as biomedical engineering and computer science, and via somewhat distinct translational paths. This review article briefly traces the parallel and convergent evolution of such scientific, engineering, and clinical domains with an eye to a potentially broader, more impactful role of medical physics in research and clinical practice of surgery. A review of image-guided surgery technologies is offered, including intraoperative imaging, tracking / navigation, image registration, visualization, and surgical robotics across a spectrum of surgical applications. Trends and drivers for research and innovation are traced, including federal funding and academic-industry partnership, and some of the major challenges to achieving major clinical impact are described. Opportunities for medical physicists to expand expertise and contribute to the advancement of surgery in the decade ahead are outlined, including research and innovation, data science approaches, improving efficiency through operations research and optimization, improving patient safety, and bringing rigorous quality assurance to technologies and processes in the circle of care for surgery. Challenges abound but appear tractable, including domain knowledge, professional qualifications, and the need for investment and clinical partnership.
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