arXiv:2509.03842cs.ROcs.AI2025-09

用大模型自动设计新型并联机器人,突破传统硬件限制。

INGRID: Intelligent Generative Robotic Design Using Large Language Models

  • 结合螺旋理论与运动学合成,分四步自动生成并联机构
  • 可设计固定与可变自由度的新构型,文献未见类似结构
  • 让非专业人员也能设计专用机器人,推动智能硬件生成

将大语言模型(LLMs)融入机器人系统虽加速了具身人工智能发展,但现有方法仍受限于串行机械结构,硬件依赖严重制约了机器人智能的边界。本文提出INGRID(智能生成式机器人设计),通过深度结合对偶螺旋理论与运动学综合方法,实现并联机器人机构的自动化设计。将设计任务分解为四阶段:约束分析、运动副生成、链路构建与完整机构设计。INGRID能生成具有固定或可变自由度的新型并联机构,发现文献中未记录的运动学构型。通过三个案例验证其在任务导向设计中的有效性,支持用户基于所需运动特性定制并联机器人。该框架打通机制理论与机器学习的鸿沟,使无机器人背景的研究者也能创建定制化并联机构,从而摆脱机器人智能发展对硬件的束缚。本工作奠定机制智能基础,推动AI主动设计机器人硬件,可能变革具身智能系统的研发范式。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The integration of large language models (LLMs) into robotic systems has accelerated progress in embodied artificial intelligence, yet current approaches remain constrained by existing robotic architectures, particularly serial mechanisms. This hardware dependency fundamentally limits the scope of robotic intelligence. Here, we present INGRID (Intelligent Generative Robotic Design), a framework that enables the automated design of parallel robotic mechanisms through deep integration with reciprocal screw theory and kinematic synthesis methods. We decompose the design challenge into four progressive tasks: constraint analysis, kinematic joint generation, chain construction, and complete mechanism design. INGRID demonstrates the ability to generate novel parallel mechanisms with both fixed and variable mobility, discovering kinematic configurations not previously documented in the literature. We validate our approach through three case studies demonstrating how INGRID assists users in designing task-specific parallel robots based on desired mobility requirements. By bridging the gap between mechanism theory and machine learning, INGRID enables researchers without specialized robotics training to create custom parallel mechanisms, thereby decoupling advances in robotic intelligence from hardware constraints. This work establishes a foundation for mechanism intelligence, where AI systems actively design robotic hardware, potentially transforming the development of embodied AI systems.

机器人设计生成式AI并联机构大模型应用

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