arXiv:2509.04848cs.CVphysics.bio-ph2025-09

无需预知细胞姿态,实现高速流动细胞的三维无标记成像。

Pose-Free 3D Quantitative Phase Imaging of Flowing Cellular Populations

  • 利用傅里叶衍射定理与隐式神经表示,联合优化细胞旋转轨迹与结构。
  • 仅需10次投影或120度视角范围,即可实现高保真三维折射率重建。
  • 适用于不规则形状和多轴旋转细胞,适合全流式细胞群体分析。

高通量3D定量相位成像(QPI)通过微流控通道中多视角成像,可实现对单个细胞的无标记、体积表征,重建其折射率(RI)分布。然而,现有方法假设细胞作匀速单轴旋转,需已知每帧姿态,限制了对非球形细胞及复杂旋转的成像,导致仅能分析部分细胞群体,影响流式检测的统计可靠性。本文提出OmniFHT框架,基于傅里叶衍射定理与隐式神经表示(INRs),实现无需先验姿态的3D RI重建。在弱散射假设下,联合优化每个细胞的未知旋转轨迹与体积结构,支持任意几何形状与多轴旋转。其连续表示可实现稀疏采样与有限角度下的精确重建,仅需10次投影或120°视角范围即达高保真结果。OmniFHT首次实现对整个流动细胞群体的原位、高通量断层成像,为流式平台提供可扩展、无偏的无标记形态计量解决方案。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

High-throughput 3D quantitative phase imaging (QPI) in flow cytometry enables label-free, volumetric characterization of individual cells by reconstructing their refractive index (RI) distributions from multiple viewing angles during flow through microfluidic channels. However, current imaging methods assume that cells undergo uniform, single-axis rotation, which require their poses to be known at each frame. This assumption restricts applicability to near-spherical cells and prevents accurate imaging of irregularly shaped cells with complex rotations. As a result, only a subset of the cellular population can be analyzed, limiting the ability of flow-based assays to perform robust statistical analysis. We introduce OmniFHT, a pose-free 3D RI reconstruction framework that leverages the Fourier diffraction theorem and implicit neural representations (INRs) for high-throughput flow cytometry tomographic imaging. By jointly optimizing each cell's unknown rotational trajectory and volumetric structure under weak scattering assumptions, OmniFHT supports arbitrary cell geometries and multi-axis rotations. Its continuous representation also allows accurate reconstruction from sparsely sampled projections and restricted angular coverage, producing high-fidelity results with as few as 10 views or only 120 degrees of angular range. OmniFHT enables, for the first time, in situ, high-throughput tomographic imaging of entire flowing cell populations, providing a scalable and unbiased solution for label-free morphometric analysis in flow cytometry platforms.

三维成像流式细胞术无标记成像神经表示

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