为ODRL数字版权语言提供形式化语义，支持策略评估与比较。
Evaluation and Comparison Semantics for ODRL
- 基于查询回答构建ODRL形式化语义，直观且符合最新标准
- 可识别策略间的等价、更严格或更宽松关系
- 适用于数据共享场景中的策略一致性分析
我们研究开放数字权利语言（ODRL）中计算策略的评估与比较问题，该语言已成为管理数字资源访问与使用的事实标准。尽管语言特性已有初步形式化，但完整的形式语义仍缺失。本文提出一种基于查询回答的简单直观形式语义，精炼了先前工作，并与最新发布的语言规范（2.2版）一致。在此评估语义基础上，针对数据共享场景，我们定义并研究了策略比较问题，可检测两个策略是否等价、更严格或更宽松。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We consider the problem of evaluating, and comparing computational policies in the Open Digital Rights Language (ODRL), which has become the de facto standard for governing the access and usage of digital resources. Although preliminary progress has been made on the formal specification of the language's features, a comprehensive formal semantics of ODRL is still missing. In this paper, we provide a simple and intuitive formal semantics for ODRL that is based on query answering. Our semantics refines previous formalisations, and is aligned with the latest published specification of the language (2.2). Building on our evaluation semantics, and motivated by data sharing scenarios, we also define and study the problem of comparing two policies, detecting equivalent, more restrictive or more permissive policies.
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