arXiv:2509.05265cs.CRcs.LG2025-09

提出针对隐私保护联邦学习的新型攻击框架,揭示其在恶意攻击下的脆弱性。

On Evaluating the Poisoning Robustness of Federated Learning under Local Differential Privacy

  • 设计自适应攻击,逆向训练生成符合隐私约束的恶意更新
  • 在3个数据集上使全局模型准确率下降超15%,攻击成功率显著
  • 适合研究隐私安全与对抗防御的学者参考

联邦学习(FL)结合本地差分隐私(LDP)可在去中心化数据源上实现隐私保护建模。然而,去中心化的数据管理机制使LDPFL易受恶意参与者威胁。现有研究对LDPFL协议在模型投毒攻击(MPA)下的鲁棒性关注不足,此类攻击通过注入恶意更新干扰全局模型收敛。本文提出一种专为LDPFL设计的新颖可扩展投毒攻击框架,目标是在满足本地隐私约束下最大化全局训练损失。为规避多克鲁姆(Multi-Krum)和截尾均值等稳健聚合机制,我们设计了嵌入精细约束的反向训练策略,实现攻击逃避。我们在三个代表性LDPFL协议、三个基准数据集及两种深度神经网络上评估该框架,并研究数据异质性和隐私预算对攻击效果的影响。实验表明,自适应攻击可显著降低全局模型性能,揭示关键漏洞,凸显加强LDPFL抗投毒能力的必要性。代码已开源:https://github.com/ZiJW/LDPFL-Attack

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Federated learning (FL) combined with local differential privacy (LDP) enables privacy-preserving model training across decentralized data sources. However, the decentralized data-management paradigm leaves LDPFL vulnerable to participants with malicious intent. The robustness of LDPFL protocols, particularly against model poisoning attacks (MPA), where adversaries inject malicious updates to disrupt global model convergence, remains insufficiently studied. In this paper, we propose a novel and extensible model poisoning attack framework tailored for LDPFL settings. Our approach is driven by the objective of maximizing the global training loss while adhering to local privacy constraints. To counter robust aggregation mechanisms such as Multi-Krum and trimmed mean, we develop adaptive attacks that embed carefully crafted constraints into a reverse training process, enabling evasion of these defenses. We evaluate our framework across three representative LDPFL protocols, three benchmark datasets, and two types of deep neural networks. Additionally, we investigate the influence of data heterogeneity and privacy budgets on attack effectiveness. Experimental results demonstrate that our adaptive attacks can significantly degrade the performance of the global model, revealing critical vulnerabilities and highlighting the need for more robust LDPFL defense strategies against MPA. Our code is available at https://github.com/ZiJW/LDPFL-Attack

联邦学习隐私保护对抗攻击

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。