智能代理重构软件工程,实现人与代理的双向协作。
Agentic Software Engineering: Foundational Pillars and a Research Roadmap
- 构建双环境体系:人类指挥代理(ACE)与代理执行任务(AEE)
- 提出合并就绪包与咨询请求包,规范人机交互输出格式
- 推动软件工程从编码辅助迈向可信、可扩展的智能协作
智能体软件工程(SE 3.0)标志着新范式,智能体不再仅生成代码,而是完成复杂目标导向的任务。为保障可信性,需识别软件工程中的双重范式:面向人类的软件工程与面向代理的软件工程。二者互为支撑,要求对主体、流程、工具和成果等基础支柱进行根本重塑。为此提出两个专用工作台:代理指挥环境(ACE)作为人类协调代理团队的指挥中心,处理合并就绪包(MRPs)与咨询请求包(CRPs);代理执行环境(AEE)是代理执行任务的数字工作区,在面对模糊或复杂权衡时主动调用人类知识。这种双向协作支持代理发起的人类回调与任务移交,催生新型结构化工程活动,重新定义人-智能体协同,使实践从代理编程跃升至真正的智能体软件工程。本文提出结构化智能体软件工程(SASE)愿景,梳理未来软件工程的基础支柱,并制定研究路线图,指出若干关键挑战与机遇,简要讨论其对软件工程教育的影响。目标不是提供最终方案,而是建立概念框架与结构化术语体系,激发社区对话,推动软件工程超越传统以人为中心的范式,迈向系统化、可扩展且可信的智能未来。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Agentic Software Engineering (SE 3.0) represents a new era where intelligent agents are tasked not with simple code generation, but with achieving complex, goal-oriented SE objectives. To harness these new capabilities while ensuring trustworthiness, we must recognize a fundamental duality within the SE field in the Agentic SE era, comprising two symbiotic modalities: SE for Humans and SE for Agents. This duality demands a radical reimagining of the foundational pillars of SE (actors, processes, tools, and artifacts) which manifest differently across each modality. We propose two purpose-built workbenches to support this vision. The Agent Command Environment (ACE) serves as a command center where humans orchestrate and mentor agent teams, handling outputs such as Merge-Readiness Packs (MRPs) and Consultation Request Packs (CRPs). The Agent Execution Environment (AEE) is a digital workspace where agents perform tasks while invoking human expertise when facing ambiguity or complex trade-offs. This bi-directional partnership, which supports agent-initiated human callbacks and handovers, gives rise to new, structured engineering activities (i.e., processes) that redefine human-AI collaboration, elevating the practice from agentic coding to true agentic software engineering. This paper presents the Structured Agentic Software Engineering (SASE) vision, outlining several of the foundational pillars for the future of SE. The paper culminates in a research roadmap that identifies a few key challenges and opportunities while briefly discussing the resulting impact of this future on SE education. Our goal is not to offer a definitive solution, but to provide a conceptual scaffold with structured vocabulary to catalyze a community-wide dialogue, pushing the SE community to think beyond its classic, human-centric tenets toward a disciplined, scalable, and trustworthy agentic future.
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