arXiv:2509.06665cs.LGcs.AI2025-09被引 1

TrajAware让车载网络在观测不全时仍能高效路由,适合边缘设备部署。

TrajAware: Graph Cross-Attention and Trajectory-Aware for Generalisable VANETs under Partial Observations

  • 通过剪枝动作空间和图交叉注意力,实现跨规模网络的通用路由决策。
  • 在部分观测下仍能达到接近最短路径的传输效果,交付率高且计算开销小。
  • 适用于真实城市路况,特别适合资源受限的车载边缘设备使用。

车载自组织网络(VANETs)是智能交通系统的关键组成部分,但动态拓扑、观测不全及边缘设备资源有限导致路由困难。现有强化学习方法常假设固定图结构,网络变化需重新训练,难以部署于受限硬件。本文提出TrajAware,一种专为边缘AI设计的强化学习框架。其包含三个组件:(i) 动作空间剪枝,在保持两跳可达性的前提下减少冗余邻居选择,缓解维度灾难;(ii) 图交叉注意力,将剪枝后的邻居映射至全局图上下文,生成可泛化的特征表示;(iii) 轨迹感知预测,利用历史路径与路口信息估计实时位置,应对部分观测。我们在开源SUMO仿真器中基于真实城市地图进行留一城市验证。结果表明,TrajAware在全观测与部分观测场景下均能实现近最短路径传输、高交付率,且计算效率满足边缘设备要求,显著优于现有先进基线。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are a crucial component of intelligent transportation systems; however, routing remains challenging due to dynamic topologies, incomplete observations, and the limited resources of edge devices. Existing reinforcement learning (RL) approaches often assume fixed graph structures and require retraining when network conditions change, making them unsuitable for deployment on constrained hardware. We present TrajAware, an RL-based framework designed for edge AI deployment in VANETs. TrajAware integrates three components: (i) action space pruning, which reduces redundant neighbour options while preserving two-hop reachability, alleviating the curse of dimensionality; (ii) graph cross-attention, which maps pruned neighbours to the global graph context, producing features that generalise across diverse network sizes; and (iii) trajectory-aware prediction, which uses historical routes and junction information to estimate real-time positions under partial observations. We evaluate TrajAware in the open-source SUMO simulator using real-world city maps with a leave-one-city-out setup. Results show that TrajAware achieves near-shortest paths and high delivery ratios while maintaining efficiency suitable for constrained edge devices, outperforming state-of-the-art baselines in both full and partial observation scenarios.

车载网络强化学习边缘计算路径规划

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