arXiv:2509.07622cs.CL2025-09被引 7

用迭代自提示技术让大模型更懂临床文档,生成更贴近真实意图的摘要。

MaLei at MultiClinSUM: Summarisation of Clinical Documents using Perspective-Aware Iterative Self-Prompting with LLMs

  • 让大模型自我生成并优化提示词,结合少量示例逐步提升摘要质量。
  • 在3396份多专科临床报告上,取得F1为30.77的ROUGE和85.46的BERT-score。
  • 适合医疗文本处理、临床辅助决策等场景,尤其关注患者与医生沟通效率。

患者与临床医生之间的高效沟通对共同决策至关重要。然而,临床报告通常冗长且充满专业术语,使领域专家难以快速识别关键信息。本文介绍了我们在MultiClinSUM共享任务中用于临床病例文档摘要的方法。我们采用基于大语言模型(LLMs)的迭代自提示(Iterative Self-Prompting, ISP)技术,通过让模型生成并基于示例进行少样本学习来优化任务特定提示。同时,利用词汇与嵌入空间指标(ROUGE 和 BERT-score)指导模型在多个训练轮次中的微调。使用视角感知的ISP(PA-ISP)在GPT-4和GPT-4o上的提交结果,在来自开放期刊的3,396份多专科临床病例报告上,获得官方评估的ROUGE分数(P: 46.53, R: 24.68, F1: 30.77)和BERT-score(P: 87.84, R: 83.25, F1: 85.46)。较高的BERT-score表明生成摘要在语义上与参考摘要高度一致,尽管在精确词汇重叠上较低(表现为较低的ROUGE得分)。本研究展示了视角感知迭代自提示(PA-ISP)在临床报告摘要中的应用潜力,有助于改善患者与医生间的沟通。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Efficient communication between patients and clinicians plays an important role in shared decision-making. However, clinical reports are often lengthy and filled with clinical jargon, making it difficult for domain experts to identify important aspects in the document efficiently. This paper presents the methodology we applied in the MultiClinSUM shared task for summarising clinical case documents. We used an Iterative Self-Prompting technique on large language models (LLMs) by asking LLMs to generate task-specific prompts and refine them via example-based few-shot learning. Furthermore, we used lexical and embedding space metrics, ROUGE and BERT-score, to guide the model fine-tuning with epochs. Our submission using perspective-aware ISP on GPT-4 and GPT-4o achieved ROUGE scores (46.53, 24.68, 30.77) and BERTscores (87.84, 83.25, 85.46) for (P, R, F1) from the official evaluation on 3,396 clinical case reports from various specialties extracted from open journals. The high BERTscore indicates that the model produced semantically equivalent output summaries compared to the references, even though the overlap at the exact lexicon level is lower, as reflected in the lower ROUGE scores. This work sheds some light on how perspective-aware ISP (PA-ISP) can be deployed for clinical report summarisation and support better communication between patients and clinicians.

临床摘要大模型自提示

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