用强化学习训练大模型智能体完成复杂长序列决策任务。
AgentGym-RL: Training LLM Agents for Long-Horizon Decision Making through Multi-Turn Reinforcement Learning
- 构建模块化框架,支持多种真实环境和主流强化学习算法。
- 在27个任务中表现媲美或超越商用模型,长周期任务更稳定。
- 提出渐进式探索策略,提升智能体多样性和长期决策能力。
开发能够自主执行一系列智能决策以解决复杂现实任务的大型语言模型(LLM)智能体是当前快速发展的前沿领域。与人类认知发展类似,智能体应通过与环境的探索和交互来积累知识与技能。尽管已有进展,但学术界仍缺乏一个统一、可交互的强化学习(RL)框架,能从零开始不依赖监督微调(SFT),在多样化且真实的环境中有效训练此类智能体。为此,我们提出AgentGym-RL,一种通过强化学习训练LLM智能体进行多轮交互决策的新框架。该框架具备模块化与解耦架构,具有高度灵活性与可扩展性,涵盖多种真实场景,支持主流强化学习算法。此外,我们提出ScalingInter-RL训练方法,旨在平衡探索与利用,并实现稳定的强化学习优化:初期限制交互次数以强调利用,随后逐步扩大决策时长以促进多样化求解策略。该机制使智能体形成更丰富的行为模式,降低长时决策中的崩溃风险。我们通过大量实验验证了框架与方法的稳定性与有效性。所训练的智能体在27项跨环境任务中达到或超过商用模型水平。我们将公开完整AgentGym-RL框架(含代码与数据集),推动下一代智能体的研究与发展。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Developing autonomous LLM agents capable of making a series of intelligent decisions to solve complex, real-world tasks is a fast-evolving frontier. Like human cognitive development, agents are expected to acquire knowledge and skills through exploration and interaction with the environment. Despite advances, the community still lacks a unified, interactive reinforcement learning (RL) framework that can effectively train such agents from scratch -- without relying on supervised fine-tuning (SFT) -- across diverse and realistic environments. To bridge this gap, we introduce AgentGym-RL, a new framework to train LLM agents for multi-turn interactive decision-making through RL. The framework features a modular and decoupled architecture, ensuring high flexibility and extensibility. It encompasses a wide variety of real-world scenarios, and supports mainstream RL algorithms. Furthermore, we propose ScalingInter-RL, a training approach designed for exploration-exploitation balance and stable RL optimization. In early stages, it emphasizes exploitation by restricting the number of interactions, and gradually shifts towards exploration with larger horizons to encourage diverse problem-solving strategies. In this way, the agent develops more diverse behaviors and is less prone to collapse under long horizons. We perform extensive experiments to validate the stability and effectiveness of both the AgentGym-RL framework and the ScalingInter-RL approach. Our agents match or surpass commercial models on 27 tasks across diverse environments. We offer key insights and will open-source the complete AgentGym-RL framework -- including code and datasets -- to empower the research community in developing the next generation of intelligent agents.
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