arXiv:2509.08830eess.SPcs.LG2025-09被引 1

用多信号自监督学习建模心脏功能,提升无创诊断精度。

A Masked Representation Learning to Model Cardiac Functions Using Multiple Physiological Signals

  • 通过掩码重建三种生理信号,实现多模态自监督特征学习。
  • 在低血压、心输出量等任务上显著优于已有模型。
  • 适合临床无创监测与早期心血管疾病诊断使用。

临床中监测血流动力学对预后管理至关重要,需综合分析多种生理信号。尽管已有研究针对单信号(如心电图ECG或光电容积脉搏波PPG)开展分析,但尚无方法能应对真实临床场景中的复杂信号需求。本研究提出SNUPHY-M(首尔国立大学医院生理信号掩码表示学习)模型,基于自监督学习(SSL)重建被掩码的ECG、PPG和动脉血压(ABP)信号,从中提取反映心脏周期电、压、流特性的生理特征。该模型仅依赖无创信号即可获取更丰富的特征表示。我们在低血压、每搏输出量、收缩压、舒张压及年龄预测等临床下游任务中评估模型性能,结果表明SNUPHY-M显著优于监督学习或现有自监督模型,尤其在使用无创信号的任务中表现突出。据我们所知,SNUPHY-M是首个将多模态自监督学习应用于包含ECG、PPG和ABP的心血管分析模型。该方法有效支持临床决策,助力无创精准诊断与血流动力学早期管理。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

In clinical settings, monitoring hemodynamics is crucial for managing patient prognosis, necessitating the integrated analysis of multiple physiological signals. While recent research has analyzed single signals such as electrocardiography (ECG) or photoplethysmography (PPG), there has yet to be a proposal for an approach that encompasses the complex signal analysis required in actual clinical scenarios. In this study, we introduce the SNUPHY-M (Seoul National University hospital PHYsiological signal Masked representation learning) model extracts physiological features reflecting the electrical, pressure, and fluid characteristics of the cardiac cycle in the process of restoring three masked physiological signals based on self-supervised learning (SSL): ECG, PPG, and arterial blood pressure (ABP) signals. By employing multiple physical characteristics, the model can extract more enriched features only using non-invasive signals. We evaluated the model's performance in clinical downstream tasks such as hypotension, stroke volume, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and age prediction. Our results showed that the SNUPHY-M significantly outperformed supervised or SSL models, especially in prediction tasks using non-invasive signals. To the best of our knowledge, SNUPHY-M is the first model to apply multi-modal SSL to cardiovascular analysis involving ECG, PPG, and ABP signals. This approach effectively supports clinical decision-making and enables precise diagnostics, contributing significantly to the early diagnosis and management of hemodynamics without invasiveness.

心脏功能自监督学习多模态无创监测

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