arXiv:2509.09130cs.CV2025-09

仅用500样本实现高质量PET图像生成,适用于低资源场景。

ALL-PET: A Low-resource and Low-shot PET Foundation Model in Projection Domain

  • 在投影域直接建模,结合掩码增强与几何注意力提升数据效率。
  • 仅需500样本即达高质生成,支持低剂量重建等多任务。
  • 适合医疗影像研究者与资源受限团队使用。

构建大规模PET基础模型受限于标注数据稀缺与计算资源不足。为克服数据与效率瓶颈,我们提出ALL-PET,一种在投影域运行的低资源、低样本PET基础模型。该模型采用潜扩散模型(LDM),引入三项创新:首先,设计径向掩码增强策略(RMAS),通过将随机图像域掩码投影至sinogram空间,生成超20万种结构多样样本,显著提升泛化能力;进一步提出动态多掩码机制(DMM),动态调整掩码数量与分布,增强多样性且不增加模型复杂度。其次,引入正/负掩码约束,嵌入严格几何一致性,降低参数负担同时保持生成质量。第三,提出透明医学注意力(TMA),一种无参数、基于几何的机制,通过粗分割生成病灶关注图,覆盖高代谢与低代谢区域,并投影至sinogram空间,提供物理一致引导。系统支持临床医生定义ROI调整,确保灵活、可解释、任务自适应的关注区域。实验表明,ALL-PET仅用500样本即可实现高质量sinogram生成,性能媲美大样本训练模型。其跨任务泛化能力强,涵盖低剂量重建、衰减校正、延迟帧预测与示踪剂分离,内存占用低于24GB。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Building large-scale foundation model for PET imaging is hindered by limited access to labeled data and insufficient computational resources. To overcome data scarcity and efficiency limitations, we propose ALL-PET, a low-resource, low-shot PET foundation model operating directly in projection domain. ALL-PET leverages a latent diffusion model (LDM) with three key innovations. First, we design a Radon mask augmentation strategy (RMAS) that generates over 200,000 structurally diverse training samples by projecting randomized image-domain masks into sinogram space, significantly improving generalization with minimal data. This is extended by a dynamic multi-mask (DMM) mechanism that varies mask quantity and distribution, enhancing data diversity without added model complexity. Second, we implement positive/negative mask constraints to embed strict geometric consistency, reducing parameter burden while preserving generation quality. Third, we introduce transparent medical attention (TMA), a parameter-free, geometry-driven mechanism that enhances lesion-related regions in raw projection data. Lesion-focused attention maps are derived from coarse segmentation, covering both hypermetabolic and hypometabolic areas, and projected into sinogram space for physically consistent guidance. The system supports clinician-defined ROI adjustments, ensuring flexible, interpretable, and task-adaptive emphasis aligned with PET acquisition physics. Experimental results show that ALL-PET achieves high-quality sinogram generation using only 500 samples, with performance comparable to models trained on larger datasets. ALL-PET generalizes across tasks including low-dose reconstruction, attenuation correction, delayed-frame prediction, and tracer separation, operating efficiently with memory use under 24GB.

PET重建低样本学习扩散模型医学影像

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。