用仿真优化柔性手指设计,提升高速插接任务的容错能力。
Towards simulation-based optimization of compliant fingers for high-speed connector assembly
- 通过仿真驱动优化手指刚度与结构参数,匹配具体任务目标。
- 实测显示容差范围扩大2.29倍,可补偿最大8.6mm工件偏差。
- 适合需要高鲁棒性的高速装配场景,尤其关注接触动态的任务。
机械柔顺性是动态接触密集操作的关键设计参数,影响任务成功率和对接触几何变化的鲁棒性。软体机器人结构(如柔性手指)的设计需权衡影响几何形状与刚度的设计参数,从而决定操作性能与鲁棒性。当前参数选择依赖硬件迭代(耗时)或简化模型(如平面模型),难以应对复杂操作目标。随着动态仿真技术进步,特别是接触与摩擦建模的完善,为机械柔顺性设计提供了新工具。本文提出一种基于仿真的柔性机构设计方法,支持以任务级目标(如成功率)为导向进行设计优化。该方法用于优化结构化柔性手指的参数,减少插入任务中容差窗口内的失败案例。在NIST基准任务板的真实机器人上验证了鲁棒性提升效果:手指刚度可使容差窗口扩大2.29倍,最大可补偿8.6 mm工件变异。但趋势具有任务特异性——某些任务中最高刚度容忍范围最宽,而另一些任务则相反,凸显了针对应用特定几何与动力学设计工具的必要性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Mechanical compliance is a key design parameter for dynamic contact-rich manipulation, affecting task success and safety robustness over contact geometry variation. Design of soft robotic structures, such as compliant fingers, requires choosing design parameters which affect geometry and stiffness, and therefore manipulation performance and robustness. Today, these parameters are chosen through either hardware iteration, which takes significant development time, or simplified models (e.g. planar), which can't address complex manipulation task objectives. Improvements in dynamic simulation, especially with contact and friction modeling, present a potential design tool for mechanical compliance. We propose a simulation-based design tool for compliant mechanisms which allows design with respect to task-level objectives, such as success rate. This is applied to optimize design parameters of a structured compliant finger to reduce failure cases inside a tolerance window in insertion tasks. The improvement in robustness is then validated on a real robot using tasks from the benchmark NIST task board. The finger stiffness affects the tolerance window: optimized parameters can increase tolerable ranges by a factor of 2.29, with workpiece variation up to 8.6 mm being compensated. However, the trends remain task-specific. In some tasks, the highest stiffness yields the widest tolerable range, whereas in others the opposite is observed, motivating need for design tools which can consider application-specific geometry and dynamics.
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