arXiv:2509.10227cs.LGphysics.app-ph2025-09被引 5

用机器学习预测飞机机翼疲劳寿命,减少仿真次数与资源消耗。

A Certifiable Machine Learning-Based Pipeline to Predict Fatigue Life of Aircraft Structures

  • 基于飞行参数构建机器学习预测管道,替代传统复杂仿真流程。
  • 在真实场景中实现高精度预测,并完成统计验证与不确定性量化。
  • 适合航空设计与运维团队快速评估结构寿命,提升决策效率。

疲劳寿命预测对飞机的设计与运行阶段至关重要,需早期检测疲劳裂纹以防止空中失效。可靠的疲劳寿命预测工具是保障航空航天安全的关键。传统工程方法虽可靠,但耗时且流程复杂,包括多次有限元分析(FEM)、载荷谱推导及雨流计数等步骤,常需多团队协作,计算成本高。机器学习(ML)为传统方法提供有力补充,可加速迭代、增强泛化能力,快速生成辅助决策的估算结果。本文提出一种基于机器学习的预测管道,可根据飞机全生命周期内各任务的飞行参数,估计不同机翼位置的疲劳寿命。在真实应用场景中验证了该管道的准确性,并完成了全面的统计验证与不确定性量化。该方法通过减少昂贵的仿真次数,显著降低计算与人力成本,是对传统方法的有效补充。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Fatigue life prediction is essential in both the design and operational phases of any aircraft, and in this sense safety in the aerospace industry requires early detection of fatigue cracks to prevent in-flight failures. Robust and precise fatigue life predictors are thus essential to ensure safety. Traditional engineering methods, while reliable, are time consuming and involve complex workflows, including steps such as conducting several Finite Element Method (FEM) simulations, deriving the expected loading spectrum, and applying cycle counting techniques like peak-valley or rainflow counting. These steps often require collaboration between multiple teams and tools, added to the computational time and effort required to achieve fatigue life predictions. Machine learning (ML) offers a promising complement to traditional fatigue life estimation methods, enabling faster iterations and generalization, providing quick estimates that guide decisions alongside conventional simulations. In this paper, we present a ML-based pipeline that aims to estimate the fatigue life of different aircraft wing locations given the flight parameters of the different missions that the aircraft will be operating throughout its operational life. We validate the pipeline in a realistic use case of fatigue life estimation, yielding accurate predictions alongside a thorough statistical validation and uncertainty quantification. Our pipeline constitutes a complement to traditional methodologies by reducing the amount of costly simulations and, thereby, lowering the required computational and human resources.

疲劳预测机器学习航空安全寿命评估

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