arXiv:2509.10291cs.LGcs.NI2025-09

用机器学习模型生成区块链随机数,实现灾后安全能源交易。

Proof of AutoML: SDN based Secure Energy Trading with Blockchain in Disaster Case

  • 用AutoML回归模型输出的随机性替代传统随机数生成。
  • 树模型如随机森林和极端梯度提升表现最佳,随机性超97%。
  • 适合灾备场景下低延迟、自适应的智能电网系统设计者。

灾害导致传统能源设施受损时,光伏家庭与移动充电单元之间的安全可追溯能源交易至关重要。为保障区块链网络中交易完整性,需具备强鲁棒性和不可预测性的随机数(nonce)生成机制。本文提出一种基于SDN的架构,利用机器学习回归器非准确性的特性,生成适合作为随机数候选值的随机输出,称为Proof of AutoML。通过9000样本数据集,评估五种由AutoML选出的回归模型——梯度提升、LightGBM、随机森林、极端梯度提升和K近邻——不以预测精度为准,而以对打乱输入数据的输出多样性与非确定性为标准。随机性分析显示,随机森林和极端梯度提升完全依赖随机性,梯度提升、K近邻和LightGBM分别获得97.6%、98.8%和99.9%的随机性评分。结果表明,特定机器学习模型,尤其是基于树的集成方法,可在灾备条件下作为高效轻量的区块链随机数生成器,支撑弹性能源交易体系。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

In disaster scenarios where conventional energy infrastructure is compromised, secure and traceable energy trading between solar-powered households and mobile charging units becomes a necessity. To ensure the integrity of such transactions over a blockchain network, robust and unpredictable nonce generation is vital. This study proposes an SDN-enabled architecture where machine learning regressors are leveraged not for their accuracy, but for their potential to generate randomized values suitable as nonce candidates. Therefore, it is newly called Proof of AutoML. Here, SDN allows flexible control over data flows and energy routing policies even in fragmented or degraded networks, ensuring adaptive response during emergencies. Using a 9000-sample dataset, we evaluate five AutoML-selected regression models - Gradient Boosting, LightGBM, Random Forest, Extra Trees, and K-Nearest Neighbors - not by their prediction accuracy, but by their ability to produce diverse and non-deterministic outputs across shuffled data inputs. Randomness analysis reveals that Random Forest and Extra Trees regressors exhibit complete dependency on randomness, whereas Gradient Boosting, K-Nearest Neighbors and LightGBM show strong but slightly lower randomness scores (97.6%, 98.8% and 99.9%, respectively). These findings highlight that certain machine learning models, particularly tree-based ensembles, may serve as effective and lightweight nonce generators within blockchain-secured, SDN-based energy trading infrastructures resilient to disaster conditions.

区块链灾备能源SDNAutoML

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