arXiv:2509.10349cs.RO2025-09

提出高效无人飞行器悬吊运输系统,解决复杂环境下的感知、规划与安全难题。

Acetrans: An Autonomous Corridor-Based and Efficient UAV Suspended Transport System

  • 融合激光雷达与惯导,实时估计吊挂物姿态和缆绳形状。
  • 设计多尺寸自适应路径规划算法,提升大规模环境下的效率。
  • 通过约束优化控制保障飞行全程安全,适合高动态场景应用。

搭载悬挂负载的无人机在复杂拥挤环境中具有显著优势,但现有系统存在缆绳-负载动力学感知不可靠、大尺度环境规划效率低、缆绳弯曲及外部扰动下无法保证整体安全等关键问题。本文提出Acetrans——一种自主、基于通道、高效的无人机悬吊运输系统,通过统一的感知、规划与控制框架解决上述挑战。提出一种激光雷达-惯性测量单元(LiDAR-IMU)融合模块,可联合估计缆绳在拉紧与弯曲状态下的负载姿态与缆绳形状,实现鲁棒的整体状态估计与实时缆点云滤波。为提升规划可扩展性,引入多尺寸自适应配置空间迭代区域膨胀(MACIRI)算法,在考虑不同无人机与负载几何形状的前提下生成安全飞行通道。进一步设计时空约束的通道轨迹优化方案,确保动态可行且无碰撞的飞行轨迹。最后,采用加入缆绳弯曲约束的非线性模型预测控制器(NMPC),在执行阶段保障整体安全性。仿真与实验结果验证了Acetrans的有效性,相比现有最优方法,在感知精度、规划效率与控制安全性方面均有显著提升。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with suspended payloads offer significant advantages for aerial transportation in complex and cluttered environments. However, existing systems face critical limitations, including unreliable perception of the cable-payload dynamics, inefficient planning in large-scale environments, and the inability to guarantee whole-body safety under cable bending and external disturbances. This paper presents Acetrans, an Autonomous, Corridor-based, and Efficient UAV suspended transport system that addresses these challenges through a unified perception, planning, and control framework. A LiDAR-IMU fusion module is proposed to jointly estimate both payload pose and cable shape under taut and bent modes, enabling robust whole-body state estimation and real-time filtering of cable point clouds. To enhance planning scalability, we introduce the Multi-size-Aware Configuration-space Iterative Regional Inflation (MACIRI) algorithm, which generates safe flight corridors while accounting for varying UAV and payload geometries. A spatio-temporal, corridor-constrained trajectory optimization scheme is then developed to ensure dynamically feasible and collision-free trajectories. Finally, a nonlinear model predictive controller (NMPC) augmented with cable-bending constraints provides robust whole-body safety during execution. Simulation and experimental results validate the effectiveness of Acetrans, demonstrating substantial improvements in perception accuracy, planning efficiency, and control safety compared to state-of-the-art methods.

无人机运输路径规划状态估计控制安全

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