用在线数据评估灾情，比传统实地调查更快更准。
Assessing On-the-Ground Disaster Impact Using Online Data Sources
- 整合社交媒体、卫星影像等多源在线数据
- 在县一级对比在线与传统评估结果，发现互补性
- 为应急响应提供实时、可靠的数据支持
评估灾害造成的资产损失和人员伤亡对制定有效应对方案至关重要。传统方法依赖实地调查，由志愿者和救援人员通过车览或现场检查估算损失，但存在时间延迟和偏差问题。近年来，社交媒体、新闻报道、航空影像和卫星数据等在线数据源被用于灾情评估，可提供实时数据流以估计线下影响。现有研究较少探讨不同在线数据源在行政单位层面如何辅助灾情评估。本文收集多个在线数据源的多起十亿美元级灾害数据，构建了县级粒度的综合性数据集，并分析在线估算与传统线下评估结果的差异。研究发现，不同数据源可提供互补信息，有助于更全面地评估灾害影响。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Assessing the impact of a disaster in terms of asset losses and human casualties is essential for preparing effective response plans. Traditional methods include offline assessments conducted on the ground, where volunteers and first responders work together to collect the estimate of losses through windshield surveys or on-ground inspection. However, these methods have a time delay and are prone to different biases. Recently, various online data sources, including social media, news reports, aerial imagery, and satellite data, have been utilized to evaluate the impact of disasters. Online data sources provide real-time data streams for estimating the offline impact. Limited research exists on how different online sources help estimate disaster impact at a given administrative unit. In our work, we curate a comprehensive dataset by collecting data from multiple online sources for a few billion-dollar disasters at the county level. We also analyze how online estimates compare with traditional offline-based impact estimates for the disaster. Our findings provide insight into how different sources can provide complementary information to assess the disaster.
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