根据每条数据动态选择处理路径,提升多模态多任务预测效果
Learning to Route: Per-Sample Adaptive Routing for Multimodal Multitask Prediction
- 按样本动态分配模态处理路径和任务共享策略
- 在真实心理治疗数据上显著优于固定模型,抑郁焦虑预测更准
- 适合需要个性化分析的医疗场景,结果可解释性强
我们提出一种统一框架,用于在多任务、多模态预测中实现自适应路由,应对数据异质性和任务间关联性的样本级变化。基于心理治疗场景——结构化评估与非结构化临床笔记共存,存在部分缺失数据和相关结局——我们设计了一种基于路由的架构,可针对每个样本动态选择模态处理路径和任务共享策略。模型定义了多个模态路径,包括文本与数值特征的原始及融合表示,并学习将每个输入路由至最有效的专家组合。任务特定预测由共享或独立的输出头生成,取决于路由决策,整个系统端到端训练。我们在合成数据和真实心理治疗笔记数据集上评估,目标是预测抑郁和焦虑水平。实验表明,该方法持续优于固定多任务或单任务基线,且学习到的路由策略提供了对模态相关性和任务结构的可解释洞察。该方法通过个性化信息处理应对个性化医疗中的关键挑战,有助于改善心理健康结果、提高治疗分配精度并增强临床成本效益。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We propose a unified framework for adaptive routing in multitask, multimodal prediction settings where data heterogeneity and task interactions vary across samples. Motivated by applications in psychotherapy where structured assessments and unstructured clinician notes coexist with partially missing data and correlated outcomes, we introduce a routing-based architecture that dynamically selects modality processing pathways and task-sharing strategies on a per-sample basis. Our model defines multiple modality paths, including raw and fused representations of text and numeric features and learns to route each input through the most informative expert combination. Task-specific predictions are produced by shared or independent heads depending on the routing decision, and the entire system is trained end-to-end. We evaluate the model on both synthetic data and real-world psychotherapy notes predicting depression and anxiety outcomes. Our experiments show that our method consistently outperforms fixed multitask or single-task baselines, and that the learned routing policy provides interpretable insights into modality relevance and task structure. This addresses critical challenges in personalized healthcare by enabling per-subject adaptive information processing that accounts for data heterogeneity and task correlations. Applied to psychotherapy, this framework could improve mental health outcomes, enhance treatment assignment precision, and increase clinical cost-effectiveness through personalized intervention strategies.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。