用AI模型压缩88路诊断信号,实现故障自愈与控制简化。
FusionMAE: large-scale pretrained model to optimize and simplify diagnostic and control of fusion plasma
- 通过掩码自编码压缩88个诊断信号,生成统一嵌入
- 缺失信号恢复准确率达96.7%,实现虚拟备用诊断
- 可自动分析数据、打通控诊接口,适合未来聚变堆应用
在磁约束聚变装置中,等离子体的复杂、多尺度和非线性动力学需要大量诊断系统来监测与控制。这些系统复杂且相互关联,长期阻碍聚变能发展。本文提出大规模预训练模型FusionMAE,将88路诊断信号压缩为有意义的嵌入表示,建立诊断系统与控制执行器之间的统一接口。通过压缩-降维与缺失信号重建机制,模型在预训练后具备'虚拟备用诊断'能力,对缺失数据的推断可靠性达96.7%。此外,模型展现出三项涌现能力:自动数据解析、通用控诊接口、多任务控制性能提升。该工作首次实现大规模AI模型在聚变能中的集成,证明预训练嵌入可简化系统接口,减少所需诊断设备,优化未来聚变反应堆运行性能。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
In magnetically confined fusion device, the complex, multiscale, and nonlinear dynamics of plasmas necessitate the integration of extensive diagnostic systems to effectively monitor and control plasma behaviour. The complexity and uncertainty arising from these extensive systems and their tangled interrelations has long posed a significant obstacle to the acceleration of fusion energy development. In this work, a large-scale model, fusion masked auto-encoder (FusionMAE) is pre-trained to compress the information from 88 diagnostic signals into a concrete embedding, to provide a unified interface between diagnostic systems and control actuators. Two mechanisms are proposed to ensure a meaningful embedding: compression-reduction and missing-signal reconstruction. Upon completion of pre-training, the model acquires the capability for 'virtual backup diagnosis', enabling the inference of missing diagnostic data with 96.7% reliability. Furthermore, the model demonstrates three emergent capabilities: automatic data analysis, universal control-diagnosis interface, and enhancement of control performance on multiple tasks. This work pioneers large-scale AI model integration in fusion energy, demonstrating how pre-trained embeddings can simplify the system interface, reducing necessary diagnostic systems and optimize operation performance for future fusion reactors.
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