用大模型自动生成无人机任务的规划代码,省时又准确
SPAR: Scalable LLM-based PDDL Domain Generation for Aerial Robotics
- 用自然语言输入,通过提示工程生成符合规范的PDDL规划域
- 在真实无人机任务数据集上验证,生成结果语法正确且可执行
- 适合无人系统专家快速构建新任务规划能力,推动自动化规划研究
我们研究利用大语言模型(LLMs)自动为规划领域定义语言(PDDL)生成领域,重点关注无人飞行器(UAV)任务。尽管PDDL是机器人规划中的通用标准,但为监控、配送和巡检等多样化应用手动设计领域耗时且易出错,阻碍了实际部署。为此,我们提出SPAR框架,利用LLM的生成能力,从自然语言输入中自动创建有效、多样且语义准确的PDDL领域。首先,我们构建了一个系统化整理并经过验证的无人机规划数据集,包含真实标注的PDDL领域与对应问题,每个均配有详细的领域与动作描述。基于该数据集,我们设计了一种提示框架,从语言输入生成高质量的PDDL领域。生成结果通过语法校验、可执行性、可行性与可解释性进行评估。整体表明,LLMs能显著加速复杂规划领域的创建,提供可复现的数据集与评估流程,使无先验经验的应用专家可直接用于实际任务,并促进空中机器人与自动化规划的未来发展。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We investigate the problem of automatic domain generation for the Planning Domain Definition Language (PDDL) using Large Language Models (LLMs), with a particular focus on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) tasks. Although PDDL is a widely adopted standard in robotic planning, manually designing domains for diverse applications such as surveillance, delivery, and inspection is labor-intensive and error-prone, which hinders adoption and real-world deployment. To address these challenges, we propose SPAR, a framework that leverages the generative capabilities of LLMs to automatically produce valid, diverse, and semantically accurate PDDL domains from natural language input. To this end, we first introduce a systematically formulated and validated UAV planning dataset, consisting of ground-truth PDDL domains and associated problems, each paired with detailed domain and action descriptions. Building on this dataset, we design a prompting framework that generates high-quality PDDL domains from language input. The generated domains are evaluated through syntax validation, executability, feasibility, and interpretability. Overall, this work demonstrates that LLMs can substantially accelerate the creation of complex planning domains, providing a reproducible dataset and evaluation pipeline that enables application experts without prior experience to leverage it for practical tasks and advance future research in aerial robotics and automated planning.
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