多无人机协同吊运负载,突破传统刚性假设,实现自主抗扰控制。
CrazyMARL: Decentralized Direct Motor Control Policies for Cooperative Aerial Transport of Cable-Suspended Payloads

- 采用去中心化强化学习框架,直接生成电机控制策略。
- 在强干扰下恢复率高达80%,远超基线方法的44%。
- 无需训练即可实现实体飞行,适合复杂环境任务。
多无人机协同吊运负载可提升载荷能力、适应不同形状并具备自适应柔顺性,适用于灾害救援到精准物流等多种场景。然而,在扰动、非线性负载动力学及缆绳松紧状态切换的条件下实现多无人机协调仍具挑战。现有工作通常依赖刚性连杆假设,未考虑缆绳模式转换问题。本文提出CrazyMARL,一种用于多无人机吊运负载的去中心化强化学习框架。仿真结果表明,所学策略在抗扰能力和跟踪精度上优于经典去中心化控制器,从恶劣条件中恢复率达80%,而基线方法仅为44%。同时实现了成功的零样本仿真到现实迁移,证明策略在风扰、随机外部干扰及缆绳松紧动态切换等严苛条件下高度鲁棒。本工作为实现自主、弹性无人机团队在非结构化环境中执行复杂载荷任务铺平道路。代码与视频见:https://imrclab.github.io/CrazyMARL。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Collaborative transportation of cable-suspended payloads by teams of UAVs has the potential to enhance payload capacity, adapt to different payload shapes, and provide built-in compliance, making it attractive for applications ranging from disaster relief to precision logistics. However, multi-UAV coordination under disturbances, nonlinear payload dynamics, and slack-taut cable modes remains a challenging control problem. To our knowledge, no prior work has addressed these cable mode transitions in the multi-UAV context, instead relying on simplifying rigid-link assumptions. We propose CrazyMARL, a decentralized RL framework for multi-UAV cable-suspended payload transport. Simulation results demonstrate that the learned policies can outperform classical decentralized controllers in terms of disturbance rejection and tracking precision, achieving an 80% recovery rate from harsh conditions compared to 44% for the baseline method. We also achieve successful zero-shot sim-to-real transfer and demonstrate that our policies are highly robust under harsh conditions, including wind, random external disturbances, and transitions between slack and taut cable dynamics. This work paves the way for autonomous, resilient UAV teams capable of executing complex payload missions in unstructured environments. Code and videos can be found on the website: https://imrclab.github.io/CrazyMARL.
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