针对连续阵列系统，提出新型波束成形算法，提升速率与效率。
Functional WMMSE Algorithm for Multiuser Continuous Aperture Array Systems
- 基于正交基展开，将函数优化转为参数优化
- 实现速率逼近理论上限，计算量低于传统离散方法
- 适合大规模连续阵列通信系统设计与优化
本文针对基站和用户均配备连续孔径阵列（CAPA）的多用户下行波束成形系统，提出一种功能型加权最小均方误差（WMMSE）算法。首先推导出多用户CAPA系统的可达速率闭式表达式，并证明最大化总速率等价于最小化加权均方误差之和。随后利用正交基展开，将原函数优化问题转化为参数优化问题。通过推导参数优化问题的一阶最优条件，并映射回函数域，获得所提功能型WMMSE算法的更新公式。仿真结果表明，该方法在总速率和计算复杂度方面均优于基于离散化的基准方案。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
In this paper, we develop a functional weighted minimum mean-squared error (WMMSE) algorithm for downlink beamforming in multiuser continuous aperture array (CAPA) systems where both the base station (BS) and users are equipped with CAPAs. We first present a closed-form expression for the achievable rate in multiuser CAPA systems, based on which the equivalence between maximizing the sum rate and minimizing the sum of weighted mean-squared errors (MSE) is established. We then employ the orthonormal basis expansion to transform the formulated functional optimization problem into a parameter optimization problem. By deriving the first-order optimality conditions of the parameter optimization problem and mapping them back to the functional domain, we obtain the update equations of the proposed functional WMMSE algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed method outperforms discretization-based baselines in both sum rate and computational complexity.
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