arXiv:2509.18166cs.LG2025-09被引 1

MobiGPT统一预测基站流量、用户行为和信道质量,提升移动网络预测精度与泛化能力。

MobiGPT: A Foundation Model for Mobile Wireless Networks

  • 采用软提示学习与时间掩码机制,统一建模三类移动数据。
  • 在超十万样本数据上,准确率较现有模型提升最高27.37%。
  • 零样本/少样本场景下表现优异,适合部署于复杂多变的网络环境。

随着移动通信技术快速发展,未来移动网络将为通勤、生产、生活与娱乐提供海量服务与资源。精准高效的移动数据(如小区流量、用户行为、信道质量)预测有助于运营商监测网络状态变化、调度无线资源、优化基础设施与用户管理,从而提升供给效率与服务质量。然而,当前预测范式依赖针对特定数据类型的定制化模型,导致大规模异构网络中(含基站、用户、信道)复杂度与部署成本升高。本文设计了面向移动数据预测的基础模型MobiGPT,采用统一架构实现基站流量、用户应用使用及信道质量三类数据的联合预测。提出软提示学习方法以理解不同数据特征,并引入时间掩码机制,引导模型完成短期预测、长期预测与分布生成三类任务,支持多样化优化场景。在包含超10万样本的真实数据集上评估显示,MobiGPT实现高精度多类型预测。相比现有模型,其准确率分别提升27.37%、20.08%和7.27%,体现强泛化能力;在未见场景中零/少样本性能提升超过21.51%,验证其作为基础模型的强大可迁移性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

With the rapid development of mobile communication technologies, future mobile networks will offer vast services and resources for commuting, production, daily life, and entertainment. Accurate and efficient forecasting of mobile data (e.g., cell traffic, user behavior, channel quality) helps operators monitor network state changes, orchestrate wireless resources, and schedule infrastructure and users, thereby improving supply efficiency and service quality. However, current forecasting paradigms rely on customized designs with tailored models for exclusive data types. Such approaches increase complexity and deployment costs under large-scale, heterogeneous networks involving base stations, users, and channels. In this paper, we design a foundation model for mobile data forecasting, MobiGPT, with a unified structure capable of forecasting three data types: base station traffic, user app usage, and channel quality. We propose a soft-prompt learning method to help the model understand features of different data types, and introduce a temporal masking mechanism to guide the model through three forecasting tasks: short-term prediction, long-term prediction, and distribution generation, supporting diverse optimization scenarios. Evaluations on real-world datasets with over 100,000 samples show that MobiGPT achieves accurate multi-type forecasting. Compared to existing models, it improves forecasting accuracy by 27.37%, 20.08%, and 7.27%, reflecting strong generalization. Moreover, MobiGPT exhibits superior zero/few-shot performance in unseen scenarios, with over 21.51% improvement, validating its strong transferability as a foundation model.

移动网络基础模型预测通用智能

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