用深度学习将稀疏形变数据转为稠密时空张量,提升预测精度。
A Deep Learning Approach for Spatio-Temporal Forecasting of InSAR Ground Deformation in Eastern Ireland
- 将InSAR稀疏点数据转为稠密时空张量,适配计算机视觉模型
- CNN-LSTM模型在爱尔兰数据上显著优于梯度提升与LASSO
- 揭示传统模型依赖简单延续模式,凸显时空联合建模必要性
监测地表形变对城市基础设施稳定和地质灾害防控至关重要。然而,从稀疏的干涉合成孔径雷达(InSAR)时序数据中预测未来形变仍面临巨大挑战。本文提出一种新型深度学习框架,将稀疏点测量转换为稠密的时空张量,首次实现先进计算机视觉架构在此任务中的直接应用。设计并实现了一种混合卷积神经网络与长短期记忆网络(CNN-LSTM)模型,专门用于从生成的数据张量中同时学习空间模式与时间依赖关系。模型在爱尔兰东南部区域的哨兵-1(Sentinel-1)数据上,与轻量梯度提升机(Light GBM)和LASSO回归等强基线方法对比,结果表明该架构显著提升了预测精度与空间一致性,确立了该任务的新基准。此外,可解释性分析显示,基线模型常依赖简单的持续性模式,凸显了整合时空建模对于捕捉地表形变复杂动态的必要性。研究证实,时空深度学习在高分辨率形变预测中具有显著有效性与潜力。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Monitoring ground displacement is crucial for urban infrastructure stability and mitigating geological hazards. However, forecasting future deformation from sparse Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) time-series data remains a significant challenge. This paper introduces a novel deep learning framework that transforms these sparse point measurements into a dense spatio-temporal tensor. This methodological shift allows, for the first time, the direct application of advanced computer vision architectures to this forecasting problem. We design and implement a hybrid Convolutional Neural Network and Long-Short Term Memory (CNN-LSTM) model, specifically engineered to simultaneously learn spatial patterns and temporal dependencies from the generated data tensor. The model's performance is benchmarked against powerful machine learning baselines, Light Gradient Boosting Machine and LASSO regression, using Sentinel-1 data from eastern Ireland. Results demonstrate that the proposed architecture provides significantly more accurate and spatially coherent forecasts, establishing a new performance benchmark for this task. Furthermore, an interpretability analysis reveals that baseline models often default to simplistic persistence patterns, highlighting the necessity of our integrated spatio-temporal approach to capture the complex dynamics of ground deformation. Our findings confirm the efficacy and potential of spatio-temporal deep learning for high-resolution deformation forecasting.
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