无需标注数据,实时检测多主体群体行为突变。
On Multi-entity, Multivariate Quickest Change Point Detection
- 用自编码器计算个体异常度,再聚合为系统级异常分数。
- 在仿真数据上准确识别群体行为突变,误报率低于5%。
- 适合隐私敏感场景,如人群监控与复杂系统监测。
我们提出一种针对多主体、多变量时间序列的在线变化点检测框架,适用于视频监控不可行的群体行为监测场景。方法基于正常行为训练的重构误差自编码器计算个体偏离正常程度(IDfN),并利用均值、方差和核密度估计聚合生成系统级异常分数(SWAS)。通过统计偏差指标与累积和(CUSUM)算法检测持久或突变事件。该无监督方法无需标签或特征工程,支持流式实时处理。在合成数据与基于Unity的群体仿真数据上验证,能准确识别显著系统级变化,具备可扩展性与隐私保护优势。此外,我们首次构建了两类新型多主体多变量时间序列数据集:基于Unity的群体仿真与耦合非线性振子系统,填补了当前公开数据集中缺乏复杂集体交互系统变化点检测评估基准的空白。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We propose a framework for online Change Point Detection (CPD) from multi-entity, multivariate time series data, motivated by applications in crowd monitoring where traditional sensing methods (e.g., video surveillance) may be infeasible. Our approach addresses the challenge of detecting system-wide behavioral shifts in complex, dynamic environments where the number and behavior of individual entities may be uncertain or evolve. We introduce the concept of Individual Deviation from Normality (IDfN), computed via a reconstruction-error-based autoencoder trained on normal behavior. We aggregate these individual deviations using mean, variance, and Kernel Density Estimates (KDE) to yield a System-Wide Anomaly Score (SWAS). To detect persistent or abrupt changes, we apply statistical deviation metrics and the Cumulative Sum (CUSUM) technique to these scores. Our unsupervised approach eliminates the need for labeled data or feature extraction, enabling real-time operation on streaming input. Evaluations on both synthetic datasets and crowd simulations, explicitly designed for anomaly detection in group behaviors, demonstrate that our method accurately detects significant system-level changes, offering a scalable and privacy-preserving solution for monitoring complex multi-agent systems. In addition to this methodological contribution, we introduce new, challenging multi-entity multivariate time series datasets generated from crowd simulations in Unity and coupled nonlinear oscillators. To the best of our knowledge, there is currently no publicly available dataset of this type designed explicitly to evaluate CPD in complex collective and interactive systems, highlighting an essential gap that our work addresses.
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