6G将如何实现智能、可靠、全覆盖的未来通信？
Where 6G Stands Today: Evolution, Enablers, and Research Gaps
- 从5G痛点出发，提出6G需满足超可靠、广覆盖、海量连接需求
- 聚焦太赫兹通信、智能反射面、大规模MIMO与AI网络等关键技术
- 适合关注未来通信演进与技术空白的研究者和产业界人士
随着第五代移动通信系统（5G）在全球范围内部署，产业界与学术界已开始构想第六代（6G）以应对日益增长的数字化社会需求。尽管5G相比LTE已有显著提升，但仍可能难以满足所有要求，包括超高的可靠性、无缝自动化和全域覆盖。为此，6G旨在构建一个高度智能、自动化且超可靠的通信系统，可支持海量设备连接。本文全面综述了6G，首先明确其严格的核心需求，并重点探讨太赫兹（THz）通信、智能反射面、大规模多输入多输出（massive MIMO）以及人工智能驱动的网络等关键使能技术。此外，文章列举了多种6G应用场景及其潜在收益。最后，指出了实现6G愿景所面临的若干挑战。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
As the fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication system continues its global deployment, both industry and academia have started conceptualizing the 6th generation (6G) to address the growing need for a progressively advanced and digital society. Even while 5G offers considerable advancements over LTE, it could struggle to be sufficient to meet all of the requirements, including ultra-high reliability, seamless automation, and ubiquitous coverage. In response, 6G is supposed to bring out a highly intelligent, automated, and ultra-reliable communication system that can handle a vast number of connected devices. This paper offers a comprehensive overview of 6G, beginning with its main stringent requirements while focusing on key enabling technologies such as terahertz (THz) communications, intelligent reflecting surfaces, massive MIMO and AI-driven networking that will shape the 6G networks. Furthermore, the paper lists various 6G applications and usage scenarios that will benefit from these advancements. At the end, we outline the potential challenges that must be addressed to achieve the 6G promises.
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