arXiv:2509.19925cs.AI2025-09被引 1

让企业用云端大模型查合同,还能保护敏感信息不泄露。

CON-QA: Privacy-Preserving QA using cloud LLMs in Contract Domain

  • 本地模型拆解问题并定位合同片段,云端模型处理匿名化查询。
  • 用双向映射技术隐藏敏感词,回答准确率保持90%以上。
  • 适合法律、金融等需严控数据安全的行业使用。

随着企业将基于云的大语言模型(如ChatGPT、Gemini)引入法律文档流程,保护合同中的敏感信息——包括个人身份信息(PII)和商业机密条款——已成为关键挑战。本文提出CON-QA,一种专为合同领域设计的混合隐私保护问答框架,有效结合本地与云端LLM。该框架分三阶段运行:(i) 使用本地部署的LLM进行语义查询分解与查询感知的文档块检索;(ii) 通过结构化的“一对多”映射方案对识别出的敏感实体进行匿名化处理,确保语义连贯性并防止跨会话实体推断攻击;(iii) 由云端LLM生成匿名化回答,并通过会话一致的“多对一”逆向映射在本地准确重构原始答案。为严谨评估,我们构建了包含85,000个问答对的CUAD-QA数据集,覆盖510份真实合同文档,涵盖简单、复杂及摘要类问题。实证评估结合详细的人工评估,证实CON-QA在保护隐私的同时保持高实用性,维持回答质量与法律条款语义一致性,显著降低隐私风险,证明其在企业级合同场景下的实际可行性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

As enterprises increasingly integrate cloud-based large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT and Gemini into their legal document workflows, protecting sensitive contractual information - including Personally Identifiable Information (PII) and commercially sensitive clauses - has emerged as a critical challenge. In this work, we propose CON-QA, a hybrid privacy-preserving framework designed specifically for secure question answering over enterprise contracts, effectively combining local and cloud-hosted LLMs. The CON-QA framework operates through three stages: (i) semantic query decomposition and query-aware document chunk retrieval using a locally deployed LLM analysis, (ii) anonymization of detected sensitive entities via a structured one-to-many mapping scheme, ensuring semantic coherence while preventing cross-session entity inference attacks, and (iii) anonymized response generation by a cloud-based LLM, with accurate reconstruction of the original answer locally using a session-consistent many-to-one reverse mapping. To rigorously evaluate CON-QA, we introduce CUAD-QA, a corpus of 85k question-answer pairs generated over 510 real-world CUAD contract documents, encompassing simple, complex, and summarization-style queries. Empirical evaluations, complemented by detailed human assessments, confirm that CON-QA effectively maintains both privacy and utility, preserves answer quality, maintains fidelity to legal clause semantics, and significantly mitigates privacy risks, demonstrating its practical suitability for secure, enterprise-level contract documents.

隐私保护合同智能大模型安全

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