arXiv:2509.20229cs.RO2025-09

对比三种定位技术,为智能机库机器人巡检提供省钱又准的部署方案。

Techno-Economic analysis for Smart Hangar inspection operations through Sensing and Localisation at scale

  • 用双层优化选相机位置,兼顾精度与成本。
  • 在40x50米机库内,视觉方案可实现高精度定位且硬件成本最低。
  • 适合想降本增效的飞机维修厂规划智能巡检系统。

飞机维修与大修(MRO)机库环境通常具有高天花板和金属结构,属于典型的GPS拒止区域,存在严重多径效应和严苛操作约束,对定位系统的精度、鲁棒性和成本提出极高要求。本文首次提出针对智能机库的技经路线图,对比动作捕捉(MoCap)、超宽带(UWB)及吊顶摄像头网络在机器人定位、资产追踪与表面缺陷检测三种场景下的表现。研究引入双层优化框架,结合市场相机镜头选型与优化求解器,生成满足精度目标的最小化硬件部署方案。结果表明,在40x50米机库内,优化后的视觉架构可实现可靠且低成本的感知能力,为MRO规划者提供兼顾精度、覆盖与预算的可行动决策工具。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The accuracy, resilience, and affordability of localisation are fundamental to autonomous robotic inspection within aircraft maintenance and overhaul (MRO) hangars. Hangars typically feature tall ceilings and are often made of materials such as metal. Due to its nature, it is considered a GPS-denied environment, with extensive multipath effects and stringent operational constraints that collectively create a uniquely challenging environment. This persistent gap highlights the need for domain-specific comparative studies, including rigorous cost, accuracy, and integration assessments, to inform a reliable and scalable deployment of a localisation system in the Smart Hangar. This paper presents the first techno-economic roadmap that benchmarks motion capture (MoCap), ultra-wideband (UWB), and a ceiling-mounted camera network across three operational scenarios: robot localisation, asset tracking, and surface defect detection within a 40x50 m hangar bay. A dual-layer optimisation for camera selection and positioning framework is introduced, which couples market-based camera-lens selection with an optimisation solver, producing camera layouts that minimise hardware while meeting accuracy targets. The roadmap equips MRO planners with an actionable method to balance accuracy, coverage, and budget, demonstrating that an optimised vision architecture has the potential to unlock robust and cost-effective sensing for next-generation Smart Hangars.

智能机库定位系统视觉导航运维优化

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